Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013
Public Act 2013 No 143 Date of assent 17 December 2013
Commencement see section 2
Contents Page
1 Title 6 2 Commencement 6 3 Principal Act amended 6
Purpose 4 Long Title repealed 6 5 New section 1A inserted 6
1A Purpose 6
Interpretation 6 Interpretation 7
Application of Act to the Crown 7 Application of Act to the Crown 9
No contracting out 8 New sections 5C and 5D inserted 9
5C No contracting out: general rule 9 5D No contracting out: exception for parties in trade 9
9 Heading to Part 1 substituted 11
Unsubstantiated representations 10 New heading and sections 12A to 12D inserted 11
Unsubstantiated representations 12A Unsubstantiated representations 11
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Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
12B Court must have regard to certain matters 12 12C Limitation on commencement of proceedings in
relation to unsubstantiated representations 12
12D Section 12A subject to other enactments 12
False or misleading representations 11 False or misleading representations 13 12 New section 14A inserted 13
14A When vendor bids are misrepresentations 13
Unsolicited goods and services 13 New sections 21A to 21D inserted 14
21A Liability of recipient of unsolicited goods 14 21B Liability of recipient of unsolicited services 15 21C Prohibition on asserting right to payment in
respect of unsolicited goods or unsolicited services
15
21D Regulations 16 14 New heading and section 26A inserted 16
Unfair contract terms 26A Unfair contract terms in standard form consumer
contracts 17
Consumer information standards 15 Consumer information standards 17 16 Compliance with consumer information standards 18
Disclosure of trader status 17 New section 28B inserted 18
28B Disclosure of trader status on Internet 18
Product safety 18 New sections 30A and 30B inserted 18
30A Product safety policy statements 19 30B Review of product safety policy statements 19
Declaring goods unsafe 19 Unsafe goods 20
Product recall 20 New section 31A inserted 21
31A Voluntary product recall 21 21 Compulsory product recall 23
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013
Product safety officers 22 New heading and sections 33A to 33D inserted 23
Product safety officers 33A Appointment of product safety officers 24 33B Certificates of appointment 24 33C Powers of product safety officers 24 33D Suspension of supply notices 26
New Part 4A inserted 23 New Part 4A inserted 27
Part 4A Consumer transactions and auctions
36A Purpose of Part 27 Subpart 1—Layby sales
36B Meaning of layby sale agreement 28 36C Disclosure requirements relating to layby sale
agreement 28
36D Further disclosure if requested by consumer 29 36E Risk in goods 30 36F Cancellation of layby sale agreement by consumer 30 36G Cancellation of layby sale agreement by supplier 31 36H Effect of cancellation of layby sale agreement 31 36I Bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation, or voluntary
administration of supplier: completion of layby sale agreement
32
36J Bankruptcy, receivership, or liquidation of supplier: consumer priority
33
Subpart 2—Uninvited direct sales 36K Meaning of uninvited direct sale agreement 34 36L Disclosure requirements relating to uninvited
direct sale agreements 36
36M Cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement by consumer
37
36N Enforcement of uninvited direct sale agreement by supplier
38
36O Effect of cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement
38
36P Supplier’s obligations on cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement
39
36Q Consumer’s obligations on cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement
39
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36R Compensation on cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement
40
36S Regulations 41 Subpart 3—Extended warranties
36T Meaning of extended warranty agreement and related definitions
41
36U Disclosure requirements relating to extended warranty agreements
42
36V Cancellation of extended warranty agreement 43 36W Regulations 44
Subpart 4—Auctions 36X Definitions 45 36Y Application of subpart 45 36Z Each lot is separate contract of sale 46 36ZA Start and end of auction 46 36ZB Notice to participants 46 36ZC Vendors selling in trade 47 36ZD Vendor bids 47 36ZE Bids may be withdrawn until end of auction 48 36ZF Account and payment of proceeds 48
Jurisdiction 24 Jurisdiction of High Court 48 25 Jurisdiction of District Courts 49 26 Jurisdiction of Disputes Tribunals 49
Offences and orders 27 Contraventions of provisions of Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, and
Part 4 an offence 49
28 Additional penalty for contravention of section 24 involving commercial gain
50
29 New sections 40B to 40H inserted 50 40B Infringement offence, etc, defined 50 40C Infringement offence alleged 51 40D Issue of infringement notice 51 40E Procedural requirements for infringement notices 52 40F What Commission does with infringement fees 53 40G Effect of infringement notice 53 40H Regulations relating to infringement offences 53
30 Summary Proceedings Act 1957 consequentially amended 53 31 Order to disclose information or publish advertisement 54 32 New sections 43 to 43B substituted 54
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43 Other orders 54 43A Application for order under section 43 56 43B Limits on jurisdiction of District Court and
Disputes Tribunal to make orders under section 43 56
33 Defences 57 34 Finding in proceedings to be evidence 57
Enforceable undertakings and management banning orders
35 New headings and sections 46A to 46G inserted 57 Enforceable undertakings
46A Commission may accept undertakings 57 46B Enforcement of undertakings 58
Management banning orders 46C Management banning orders 58 46D Terms of management banning orders 59 46E Offence to breach management banning order 59 46F Procedures relating to management banning order 59 46G Seeking leave of court 59
36 New heading and sections 46H to 46M inserted 60 Declaration of unfair contract terms
46H Application by Commission for declaration of unfair contract term
60
46I Declaration of unfair contract terms 60 46J Standard form contracts 60 46K Terms that may not be declared to be unfair
contract terms 61
46L When term in consumer contract is unfair 62 46M Examples of unfair contract terms 63
Offences (consequential) 37 New section 47F substituted 64
47F Offence to resist, obstruct, or delay 64 38 Commission may require person to supply information
or documents 64
Authorised employees 39 New sections 47K and 47L inserted 65
47K Commission may authorise employees for monitoring and enforcement purposes
65
47L Powers of authorised employees 66
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Consequential amendments, repeals, and savings 40 Saving of other laws 68 41 Consequential repeals and amendments 68 42 Repeal and savings relating to Layby Sales Act 1971 68
Schedule 69 Consequential amendments arising from amendments
to Fair Trading Act 1986
The Parliament of New Zealand enacts as follows:
1 Title This Act is the Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013.
2 Commencement (1) This Act, except the provisions specified in subsections (2)
and (3), comes into force on the day after the date on which it receives the Royal assent.
(2) Sections 6(3), 8, 10, 11, 13, 17, 23, 27, 29, 30, 33, 41, and 42 come into force on the day that is 6 months after the date on which this Act receives the Royal assent.
(3) Sections 14 and 36 come into force on the day that is 15months after the date on which this Act receives the Royal assent.
3 Principal Act amended This Act amends the Fair Trading Act 1986.
Purpose 4 Long Title repealed
The Long Title is repealed.
5 New section 1A inserted The following section is inserted after section 1:
“1A Purpose “(1) The purpose of this Act is to contribute to a trading environ-
ment in which— “(a) the interests of consumers are protected; and
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 6
“(b) businesses compete effectively; and “(c) consumers and businesses participate confidently.
“(2) To this end, the Act— “(a) prohibits certain unfair conduct and practices in relation
to trade; and “(b) promotes fair conduct and practices in relation to trade;
and “(c) provides for the disclosure of consumer information re-
lating to the supply of goods and services; and “(d) promotes safety in respect of goods and services.”
Interpretation 6 Interpretation (1) Section 2(1) is amended by repealing the definition of court. (2) Section 2(1) is amended by inserting the following definitions
in their appropriate alphabetical order: “chief executive means the chief executive of the Ministry “consumer means a person who— “(a) acquires from a supplier goods or services of a kind or-
dinarily acquired for personal, domestic, or household use or consumption; and
“(b) does not acquire the goods or services, or hold himself or herself out as acquiring the goods or services, for the purpose of— “(i) resupplying them in trade; or “(ii) consuming them in the course of a process of
production or manufacture; or “(iii) in the case of goods, repairing or treating, in
trade, other goods or fixtures on land “extended warranty agreement has the meaning given in section 36T “infringement fee, infringement notice, and infringement offence have the meanings given in section 40B “layby sale agreement has the meaning given in section 36B “Ministrymeans the department of State that, with the author- ity of the Prime Minister, is for the time being responsible for the administration of this Act
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“negotiation, in relation to an agreement or a proposed agree- ment, includes any discussion or dealing directed towards making the agreement or proposed agreement (whether or not the terms of the agreement or proposed agreement are open to any discussion or dealing)”.
(3) Section 2(1) is amended by inserting the following definitions in their appropriate alphabetical order: “auction has the meaning given in section 36X “consumer contract means a contract,— “(a) in the case of a contract relating to goods or services,
between— “(i) at least 1 supplier supplying the goods or services
in trade; and “(ii) at least 1 consumer; and
“(b) in the case of a contract relating to the sale or grant of an interest in land, between— “(i) at least 1 person disposing, in trade, of an interest
in the land; and “(ii) at least 1 person acquiring an interest in the land
for personal, domestic, or residential purposes “standard form consumer contract means a consumer con- tract that a court, in the course of proceedings for a declaration under section 46I, and in accordance with section 46J, deter- mines is a standard form contract “transparent, in relation to a term in a contract, means a term that— “(a) is expressed in reasonably plain language; and “(b) is legible; and “(c) is presented clearly; and “(d) is readily available to any party affected by the term “unfair contract term means a term in a consumer contract that a court has declared, under section 46I, is an unfair con- tract term “uninvited direct sale agreement has the meaning given in section 36K “unsolicited goods has the meaning given in section 21A(7) “unsolicited services has the meaning given in section 21B(2)”.
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Application of Act to the Crown 7 Application of Act to the Crown
Section 4(2) is amended by omitting “court” in each place where it appears and substituting in each case “High Court”.
No contracting out 8 New sections 5C and 5D inserted
The following sections are inserted after section 5B: “5C No contracting out: general rule “(1) The provisions of this Act have effect despite anything to the
contrary in any agreement. “(2) A provision of an agreement that has the effect of overriding a
provision of this Act (whether directly or indirectly) is unen- forceable.
“(3) Subsections (1) and (2) are subject to subsection (4) and sec- tion 5D.
“(4) Nothing in subsection (1) or (2) applies in respect of a provi- sion that— “(a) imposes a stricter duty on the supplier than would be
imposed under this Act; or “(b) provides a more advantageous remedy against the sup-
plier than would be provided under this Act. “(5) In this section and section 5D, agreement includes any con-
tract, arrangement, or understanding.
“5D No contracting out: exception for parties in trade “(1) Despite section 5C(1) and (2), if the requirements of subsec-
tion (3) are satisfied, parties to an agreement may include a provision in their agreement that will, or may (whether directly or indirectly), allow those parties to engage in conduct, or to make representations, that would otherwise contravene section 9, 12A, 13, or 14(1); and in that case,— “(a) the provision is enforceable; and “(b) no proceedings may be brought by any party to the
agreement for an order under section 43 in relation to such a contravention of section 9, 12A, 13, or 14(1).
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“(2) A provision of the kind referred to in subsection (1) includes, for example,— “(a) a clause commonly known as an entire agreement
clause: “(b) a clause that acknowledges that a party to the agreement
does not rely on the representations or other conduct of another party to the agreement, whether during negoti- ations prior to the agreement being entered into, or at any subsequent time.
“(3) The requirements referred to in subsection (1) are that— “(a) the agreement is in writing; and “(b) the goods, services, or interest in land are both supplied
and acquired in trade; and “(c) all parties to the agreement—
“(i) are in trade; and “(ii) agree to contract out of section 9, 12A, 13, or
14(1); and “(d) it is fair and reasonable that the parties are bound by the
provision in the agreement. “(4) If, in any case, a court is required to decide what is fair and rea-
sonable for the purposes of subsection (3)(d), the court must take account of all the circumstances of the agreement, includ- ing— “(a) the subject matter of the agreement; and “(b) the value of the goods, services, or interest in land; and “(c) the respective bargaining power of the parties, includ-
ing— “(i) the extent to which a party was able to negotiate
the terms of the agreement; and “(ii) whether a party was required to either accept or
reject the agreement on the terms and conditions presented by the other party; and
“(d) whether the party seeking to rely on the effectiveness of a provision of the kind referred to in subsection (1) knew that a representation made in connection with the agreement would, but for that provision, have breached section 12A, 13, or 14(1); and
“(e) whether all or any of the parties received advice from, or were represented by, a lawyer, either at the time of
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the negotiations leading to the agreement or at any other relevant time.
“(5) To avoid doubt, nothing in this section— “(a) prevents the Commission from bringing proceedings
for an offence under this Act (including an offence under section 12A, 13, or 14(1)) against a party to the agreement referred to in subsection (1):
“(b) limits the application of the Contractual Remedies Act 1979.”
9 Heading to Part 1 substituted The heading to Part 1 is omitted and the following heading substituted: “Unfair conduct”.
Unsubstantiated representations 10 New heading and sections 12A to 12D inserted
The following heading and sections are inserted after section 12:
“Unsubstantiated representations “12A Unsubstantiated representations “(1) A person must not, in trade, make an unsubstantiated repre-
sentation. “(2) A representation is unsubstantiated if the person making
the representation does not, when the representation is made, have reasonable grounds for the representation, irrespective of whether the representation is false or misleading.
“(3) This section does not apply to a representation that a reason- able person would not expect to be substantiated.
“(4) In this section and sections 12B to 12D, representationmeans a representation that is made— “(a) in respect of goods, services, or an interest in land; and “(b) in connection with—
“(i) the supply or possible supply of the goods or ser- vices; or
“(ii) the sale or grant or possible sale or grant of the interest in land; or
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“(iii) the promotion by any means of the supply or use of the goods or services or the sale or grant of the interest in land.
“12B Court must have regard to certain matters “(1) In proceedings concerning a contravention of section 12A, and
in assessing whether a person had reasonable grounds for a representation, a court must have regard to all of the circum- stances, including— “(a) the nature of the goods, services, or interest in land in
respect of which the representation was made: “(b) the nature of the representation (for example, whether
it was a representation about quality or quantity): “(c) any research or other steps taken by or on behalf of the
person before the person made the representation: “(d) the nature and source of any information that the person
relied on to make the representation: “(e) the extent to which the person making the representa-
tion complied with the requirements of any standards, codes, or practices relating to the grounds onwhich such a representation may be made, and the nature of those requirements:
“(f) the actual or potential effects of the representation on any person.
“(2) Subsection (1) does not limit section 44.
“12C Limitation on commencement of proceedings in relation to unsubstantiated representations Despite anything to the contrary in Part 5, only the Commis- sion may commence proceedings, apply for an order, or apply for an injunction in relation to a contravention of section 12A.
“12D Section 12A subject to other enactments Section 12A does not apply to a representation made by a per- son in a particular trade, business, industry, profession, occu- pation, activity of commerce, or undertaking if, when the rep- resentation is made,— “(a) another enactment sets out requirements relating to
the grounds on which representations may be made
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by a person in that trade, business, industry, profes- sion, occupation, activity of commerce, or undertaking (whether more or less onerous than section 12A); and
“(b) the person complies with those requirements.”
False or misleading representations 11 False or misleading representations (1) Section 13(b) is amended by inserting “, or by a person who
has other particular characteristics” after “person of a particu- lar trade, qualification, or skill”.
(2) Section 13(i) is amended by inserting “, including (to avoid doubt) in relation to any guarantee, right, or remedy available under the Consumer Guarantees Act 1993” after “or remedy”.
(3) Section 13(j) is amended by adding “or services”.
12 New section 14A inserted The following section is inserted after section 14:
“14A When vendor bids are misrepresentations “(1) This section applies where property (being goods, services, or
an interest in land) is offered for sale— “(a) by auction (as defined in section 36X); or “(b) by any other bidding process in which all bids are dis-
closed. “(2) The vendor of the property makes a false or misleading repre-
sentation with respect to the price of the property if the vendor, or any agent acting on behalf of the vendor, makes a vendor bid for the property.
“(3) However, subsection (2) does not apply if— “(a) there is a reserve price for the property; and “(b) the bid is made before the reserve price is reached and
is clearly identified as a vendor bid. “(4) If property is unsold at the end of an auction or other bidding
process referred to in subsection (1), any subsequent reference to a particular bid as being the amount at which the property was passed in is a false or misleading representation with re- spect to the price of the property if the bid was a vendor bid.
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“(5) In this section, vendor bid means a bid made by the vendor or any person (including an auctioneer) acting as agent for the vendor.”
Unsolicited goods and services 13 New sections 21A to 21D inserted
The following sections are inserted after section 21: “21A Liability of recipient of unsolicited goods “(1) If a person (the sender) sends or delivers unsolicited goods to
another person (the recipient), the recipient— “(a) is not liable—
“(i) to pay for the goods; or “(ii) for any loss of, or damage to, the goods, unless
the loss or damage resulted from a deliberate act by the recipient; but
“(b) must, at any reasonable time during the period of 10 working days after the day on which the recipient re- ceives those goods, make those goods available for col- lection by, or on behalf of, the sender.
“(2) If the sender is in trade, the sender must, at the time the goods are delivered (whether by the sender or by any other person on behalf of the sender), inform the recipient of the recipient’s rights and obligations under subsection (1).
“(3) Subsection (4) applies if— “(a) the period referred to in subsection (1)(b) has expired;
or “(b) a sender has failed to comply with subsection (2)
(whether or not the period referred to in subsection (1)(b) has expired).
“(4) If this subsection applies,— “(a) the recipient takes the goods as an unconditional gift;
and “(b) all interests that any other person had in the goods are
extinguished; and “(c) no action may be taken by any person for the recovery
of the goods from the recipient. “(5) However, subsection (4) does not apply if the recipient—
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“(a) has failed, without reasonable excuse, to comply with subsection (1)(b); or
“(b) knew, or ought reasonably to have known, that— “(i) the goods were not intended for the recipient; or “(ii) the sender had no right to send or deliver, or ar-
range for the delivery of, those goods to the re- cipient.
“(6) To avoid doubt,— “(a) a recipient does not commit an offence by failing to
comply with subsection (1)(b); but “(b) the consequence of such failure is that the recipient is
unable to rely on subsection (4). “(7) In this section and section 21C, unsolicited goods—
“(a) means goods that have been sent or delivered to a re- cipient without any request for those goods having been made by, or on behalf of, that recipient; but
“(b) does not include reticulated gas or electricity.
“21B Liability of recipient of unsolicited services “(1) If a person, in trade, provides unsolicited services to another
person (the recipient), the recipient is not liable— “(a) to pay for the services; or “(b) for any loss or damage resulting from the provision of
those services, unless the loss or damage resulted from a deliberate act by the recipient.
“(2) In this section and section 21C, unsolicited services— “(a) means services that have been provided to a recipi-
ent without any request for those services having been made by, or on behalf of, that recipient; but
“(b) does not include reticulated gas or electricity.
“21C Prohibition on asserting right to payment in respect of unsolicited goods or unsolicited services
“(1) A person must not, in trade,— “(a) assert, or appear to assert, that the person has a right to
payment from another person for unsolicited goods or unsolicited services; or
“(b) send or deliver to another person an invoice or other document that states the amount of a payment for, or
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sets out the charge for supplying, unsolicited goods or unsolicited services, unless that invoice or document complies with subsection (2).
“(2) The invoice or other document referred to in subsection (1)(b) must— “(a) contain a statement in the form prescribed in regulations
made under section 21D; or “(b) if no regulations have been made, clearly inform the re-
cipient that the recipient is under no obligation to make any payment for the goods or services.
“21D Regulations “(1) The Governor-General may, by Order in Council made on the
recommendation of the Minister in accordance with subsec- tion (2), make regulations, in relation to unsolicited goods or unsolicited services or both, for all or any of the following pur- poses: “(a) prescribing a statement for the purposes of section
21C(2)(a), including the size of the lettering of the words in, and the format of, the statement:
“(b) prescribing how, when, and to whom a statement pre- scribed under paragraph (a) must be provided.
“(2) TheMinister must not make a recommendation under this sec- tion unless— “(a) the Minister has consulted such persons or representa-
tives of such persons as the Minister considers will be substantially affected by any Order in Council made in accordance with the recommendation, and those per- sons have had the opportunity to comment to the Min- ister; and
“(b) the Minister has considered any such comments. “(3) A failure to comply with subsection (2) does not affect the
validity of any regulations made under this section.”
14 New heading and section 26A inserted The following heading and section are inserted after section 26:
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“Unfair contract terms “26A Unfair contract terms in standard form consumer
contracts “(1) If a court has declared, under section 46I, that a term in a stand-
ard form consumer contract is an unfair contract term, a person must not— “(a) include the unfair contract term in a standard form con-
tract (unless the term is included in a way that complies with the terms (if any) of the decision of the court); or
“(b) apply, enforce, or rely on the unfair contract term in a standard form contract.
“(2) The prohibitions in subsection (1) do not apply to any contract entered into before this section comes into force; but if the contract is varied or renewed on or after this section comes into force, the contract must be treated as a new contract for the purposes of subsection (1).
“(3) However, in the case only of a contract of insurance (as de- fined in section 7 of the Insurance (Prudential Supervision) Act 2010) entered into before this section comes into force, the prohibitions in subsection (1) do not apply to— “(a) the contract; or “(b) any variation of the contract; or “(c) any new contract that has the effect of operating as a
renewal of the contract, and any subsequent renewal.”
Consumer information standards 15 Consumer information standards
Section 27 is amended by repealing subsection (1) and substi- tuting the following subsections:
“(1) The Governor-General may, by Order in Council made on the recommendation of the Minister, make regulations prescrib- ing consumer information standards in respect of goods or ser- vices of any description or any class or classes of goods or ser- vices.
“(1A) A consumer information standard may— “(a) require the disclosure of information relating to the
kind, grade, quantity, origin, performance, care, com- position, contents, design, construction, use, price,
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finish, packaging, promotion, or supply of the goods or services; and
“(b) specify how that information must be obtained or veri- fied before it is disclosed; and
“(c) specify the form and manner in which that information must be disclosed on or in relation to— “(i) the supply or possible supply of the goods or ser-
vices; or “(ii) the resupply or possible resupply of the goods or
services; or “(iii) the promotion by any means of 1 or more of the
matters described in subparagraphs (i) and (ii).”
16 Compliance with consumer information standards Section 28 is amended by omitting “section 27(1)” in each place where it appears and substituting in each case “section 27(1A)”.
Disclosure of trader status 17 New section 28B inserted
The following section is inserted after section 28A: “28B Disclosure of trader status on Internet “(1) This section applies when—
“(a) goods or services are offered for sale to consumers on the Internet; and
“(b) the offer is able to be accepted via the Internet. “(2) If the vendor of the goods or services is in trade, the person
making the offer must make it clear to potential purchasers that the vendor is a person in trade.
“(3) If the offer and any resulting sale aremanaged by an intermedi- ary that is not party to the sale (such as an intermediary that op- erates an online bidding process), the intermediary must take reasonable steps to ensure that the person offering the goods or services for sale complies with subsection (2).”
Product safety 18 New sections 30A and 30B inserted
The following sections are inserted after section 30:
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“30A Product safety policy statements “(1) The Minister may, if the Minister considers it necessary or
desirable, issue a product safety policy statement that— “(a) relates to goods of any description or any class or
classes of goods; and “(b) provides guidance on the safety of those goods to con-
sumers, retailers, and manufacturers. “(2) The Minister may, at any time, amend, revoke, or replace a
product safety policy statement. “(3) However, the Minister must not issue, amend, revoke, or re-
place a product safety policy statement unless— “(a) the Minister has consulted such persons or representa-
tives of such persons as the Minister considers will be substantially affected by the proposed statement, and those persons have had the opportunity to comment to the Minister; and
“(b) the Minister has considered any such comments. “(4) The chief executive—
“(a) must ensure that a copy of every statement issued, amended, or replaced under this section or under sec- tion 30B is available to the public, at all reasonable times, on an Internet site maintained by or on behalf of the Ministry; and
“(b) may make copies of statements available in any other way that the chief executive considers appropriate in the circumstances.
“30B Review of product safety policy statements “(1) The Ministry must—
“(a) review a product safety policy statement issued under section 30A within 5 years after its issue or (in the case of a subsequent review) within 5 years after the last review; and
“(b) immediately following the review, prepare a report on the review for the Minister.
“(2) The report must include recommendations to the Minister on whether the statement should be continued, amended, revoked, or replaced.
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“(3) However, the Ministry must not prepare a report under this section unless— “(a) the Ministry has consulted such persons or represen-
tatives of such persons as the Ministry considers will be substantially affected by the proposed recommen- dations, and those persons have had the opportunity to comment to the Ministry; and
“(b) the Ministry has considered any such comments. “(4) As soon as practicable after receiving the report, the Minister
must— “(a) consider the recommendations and any comments re-
ceived by the Ministry under subsection (3)(a); and “(b) decide whether to continue, amend, revoke, or replace
the statement; and “(c) ensure that the Minister’s decision is available to the
public, at all reasonable times, on an Internet site main- tained by or on behalf of the Ministry.”
Declaring goods unsafe 19 Unsafe goods (1) Section 31 is amended by inserting the following subsections
after subsection (1): “(1A) TheMinister may also, by notice in theGazette, declare goods
of any description or any class or classes of goods to be unsafe goods if it appears to theMinister that a reasonably foreseeable use (including misuse) of the goods will, or may, cause injury to any person.
“(1B) In deciding whether to make a declaration under subsection (1A), the Minister must have regard to all the circumstances, including— “(a) the likelihood of an injury occurring to a person as a
result of the reasonably foreseeable use or misuse of the goods:
“(b) the seriousness of the injury likely to be suffered by the user of the goods or any other person:
“(c) whether such injury is likely to be a frequent occur- rence:
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“(d) any steps that the supplier or manufacturer of the goods has taken to mitigate the risk of injury:
“(e) whether, taking into account the ordinary and intended use of the goods, the public interest favours making a declaration.”
(2) Section 31(3)(a) is amended by omitting “subsection (1) of this section” and substituting “subsection (1) or (1A)”.
(3) Section 31 is amended by inserting the following subsections after subsection (3):
“(3A) The Minister must not issue a notice under subsection (3) un- less— “(a) the Minister has consulted such persons or representa-
tives of such persons as the Minister considers will be substantially affected by the proposed notice and those persons have had the opportunity to comment to the Minister; and
“(b) the Minister has considered any such comments. “(3B) A failure to comply with subsection (3A) does not affect the
validity of any notice given under this section, except where there has been a complete failure to consult.”
Product recall 20 New section 31A inserted
The following section is inserted after section 31: “31A Voluntary product recall “(1) This section applies if—
“(a) a supplier voluntarily recalls goods because— “(i) the goods will, or may, cause injury to any per-
son; or “(ii) a reasonably foreseeable use (including misuse)
of the goods will, or may, cause injury to any person; or
“(iii) the goods do not comply with a product safety standard; and
“(b) there is no other requirement, under any other enact- ment, for a supplier in those circumstances to— “(i) report to a government agency; or
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“(ii) do any other thing in relation to goods of a kind referred to in paragraph (a) (for example, to have in place a process for the voluntary recall of goods of that kind).
“(2) The supplier must, within 2 working days after recalling the goods, notify the chief executive of the recall.
“(3) A notice under subsection (2) must be expressed in plain lan- guage and must contain the following information: “(a) a description of the goods, with sufficient detail to en-
able a consumer to readily identify the goods to which the notice relates; and
“(b) a description of the danger (including the risk of damage or harm occurring as a result of that danger) that led to the goods being recalled; and
“(c) details of what a consumer needs to do in response to the recall, including, as the case may be,— “(i) any precautions the consumer should take to
avoid or reduce the risk of injury from the goods: “(ii) how to rectify the issue that led to the goods being
recalled: “(iii) where to take the goods for repair, replacement,
or refund; and “(d) the supplier’s name, street address, telephone number,
and email address. “(4) The chief executive—
“(a) must ensure that a copy of every notice under this sec- tion is available to the public, at all reasonable times, on an Internet site maintained by or on behalf of the Ministry, for at least 2 years after the date on which the voluntary recall was notified to the chief executive in accordance with subsection (2); and
“(b) may make copies of notices available in any other way that the chief executive considers appropriate in the cir- cumstances.
“(5) In subsection (1)(b), government agencymeans a department or Crown entity.”
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21 Compulsory product recall (1) Section 32 is amended by inserting the following subsections
after subsection (1): “(1A) The Minister may also, by notice to the supplier, require the
supplier to take the action specified in subsection (3) if it ap- pears to theMinister that a reasonably foreseeable use (includ- ing misuse) of the goods supplied by the supplier will, or may, cause injury to any person.
“(1B) In deciding whether to issue a notice under subsection (1A), the Minister must have regard to all the circumstances, includ- ing— “(a) the likelihood of an injury occurring to a person as a
result of the reasonably foreseeable use or misuse of the goods:
“(b) the seriousness of the injury likely to be suffered by the user of the goods or any other person:
“(c) whether such injury is likely to be a frequent occur- rence:
“(d) any steps that the supplier or manufacturer of the goods has taken to mitigate the risk of injury:
“(e) whether, taking into account the ordinary and intended use of the goods, the public interest favours the issuing of a compulsory product recall notice.”
(2) Section 32(3) is amended by omitting “subsections (1) and (2) of this section” and substituting “subsections (1), (1A), and (2)”.
(3) Section 32(4) is amended by omitting “subsection (1) or sub- section (2) of this section” and substituting “this section,”.
(4) Section 32(5) is amended by omitting “subsection (1) or sub- section (2) of this section” and substituting “this section,”.
Product safety officers 22 New heading and sections 33A to 33D inserted
The following heading and sections are inserted after section 33:
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s 22 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
“Product safety officers “33A Appointment of product safety officers “(1) The chief executive may appoint as a product safety officer
any person who has passed such examinations as the chief ex- ecutive requires to test the person’s knowledge of this Act and the functions and powers of product safety officers.
“(2) The chief executive may appoint a person as a trainee product safety officer, whether or not the person has passed the exam- inations referred to in subsection (1).
“(3) For the purposes of this Act, a trainee product safety offi- cer acting under the supervision of a product safety officer is deemed to be a product safety officer. “Compare: 1987 No 15 s 26
“33B Certificates of appointment “(1) Every product safety officer, and every trainee product safety
officer, must be issued with a certificate as evidence of that person’s appointment under section 33A.
“(2) The certificate must be in a form determined by the chief ex- ecutive and set out— “(a) the full name of the appointee; and “(b) a statement that the person is appointed under section
33A of this Act; and “(c) a reference to the powers of the appointee under sections
33C and 33D; and “(d) a statement of the powers (if any) of the product safety
officer under the Search and Surveillance Act 2012. “Compare: 1987 No 15 s 27
“33C Powers of product safety officers “(1) A product safety officer may enter and inspect a place (not
being a dwellinghouse) without a warrant if— “(a) the product safety officer believes on reasonable
grounds that— “(i) certain goods are unsafe (suspect goods); and “(ii) the suspect goods are supplied at, or dispatched
from, the place; and
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 22
“(b) the entry and inspection is for the purpose of ascertain- ing, or taking steps to ascertain, whether the suspect goods are in fact unsafe.
“(2) While at the place, a product safety officermay, for the purpose described in subsection (1), do any of the following: “(a) with respect to any goods at the place that are available
to consumers for supply or are dispatched for supply to consumers, inspect the goods, photograph them, and purchase them at the price for which they are currently offered for sale:
“(b) require the person who appears at the time to be in charge of the supply or dispatch of goods at the place (the person in charge) to give his or her name and show to the product safety officer identification sufficient to confirm that the name given is correct:
“(c) require the person in charge to identify the person from whom the suspect goods were acquired:
“(d) if suspect goods have, within a specified period, been supplied in trade to another person other than by retail, require the person in charge to identify the person or persons to whom they have been supplied during that period:
“(e) require any person by whom suspect goods are carried for delivery pursuant to, or in connection with, a con- tract of sale to give— “(i) his or her name and address; and “(ii) the name and address of his or her employer (if
any); and “(iii) the name and address of the owner of the goods,
if known. “(3) If a product safety officer enters a dwellinghouse with the per-
mission of the occupier or under a warrant issued under sub- section (4), the product safety officer may, for the purpose de- scribed in subsection (1)(b), exercise the powers listed in sub- section (2).
“(4) An issuing officer (within the meaning of section 3 of the Search and Surveillance Act 2012) may issue a warrant au- thorising a product safety officer to enter a dwellinghouse if the issuing officer is satisfied, on application made in accord-
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s 22 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
ance with subsection (5), that there are reasonable grounds for believing that it is necessary for the product safety officer to enter the dwellinghouse for the purpose of ascertaining— “(a) whether there are any suspect goods at the dwelling-
house that are or may be available to consumers for sup- ply, or are or may be being dispatched for supply to con- sumers; and
“(b) if there are, whether the goods are unsafe. “(5) The application for a warrant must be made in writing in the
manner provided for an application for a search warrant in subpart 3 of Part 4 of the Search and Surveillance Act 2012.
“(6) Part 4 of the Search and Surveillance Act 2012 (except sec- tions 118 and 119) applies. “Compare: 1987 No 15 s 28
“33D Suspension of supply notices “(1) A product safety officer may issue to a person in possession of
goods a suspension of supply notice in respect of those goods, and any other goods of that description or class, if the product safety officer— “(a) either—
“(i) knows that the goods, or goods of that description or class, have been implicated in serious injury or death; or
“(ii) has good reason to suspect that the goods, or goods of that description or class, may be unsafe; and
“(b) believes on reasonable grounds that— “(i) the supply of the goods may lead to a person
suffering serious harm; and “(ii) the order is necessary to prevent the supply of
the goods pending further investigation into their safety.
“(2) A suspension of supply notice is a notice prohibiting the person or persons identified in the notice from supplying the goods identified in the notice during the period before the ex- piry of the notice.
“(3) Every suspension of supply notice must be in the form pre- scribed by the chief executive, and must clearly set out—
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 23
“(a) the goods, or the description or class of goods, to which the notice relates; and
“(b) when the notice expires, which must be no later than 5 pm on the third working day after the day on which the notice is issued; and
“(c) the person or persons to whom the notice applies, who may be any of the following: “(i) the person in charge: “(ii) any employee or agent of that person: “(iii) any employer or manager of that person: “(iv) any employee or agent of that person’s employer
or manager; and “(d) the name of the product safety officer who issues the
notice. “(4) A person to whom a suspension of supply notice applies must
not supply the goods identified in the notice at any time before the notice expires.
“(5) A product safety officer may, with the approval of the chief executive, renew a suspension of supply notice before its ex- piry, but— “(a) may do so not more than twice; and “(b) may not renew the notice so that the total prohibition
exceeds 9 consecutive working days.”
New Part 4A inserted 23 New Part 4A inserted
The following Part is inserted after Part 4: “Part 4A
“Consumer transactions and auctions “36A Purpose of Part
The purpose of this Part is to set out in 1 place the rules apply- ing to— “(a) layby sale agreements; and “(b) uninvited direct sale agreements; and “(c) extended warranty agreements; and “(d) auctions.
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“Subpart 1—Layby sales “36B Meaning of layby sale agreement “(1) In this subpart, layby sale agreement means an agreement
(whether or not described as a layby sale agreement) between a supplier and a consumer for the supply of goods on terms (whether express or implied) that provide that— “(a) the consumer will not take possession of the goods until
all or a specified portion of the total price of the goods has been paid; and
“(b) the price of the goods is to be paid by— “(i) 3 or more instalments; or “(ii) if the agreement specifies that it is a layby sale
agreement, 2 or more instalments. “(2) However, a layby sale agreement does not include an agree-
ment for the supply of goods that have a purchase price that is more than $15,000 or, if greater, the amount specified in sec- tion 10(1A)(b) of the Disputes Tribunals Act 1988.
“(3) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b), a deposit paid by the consumer for the goods is an instalment.
“(4) Despite section 7 of the Credit Contracts and Consumer Fi- nance Act 2003, a layby sale agreement is not a credit contract for the purposes of that Act.
“36C Disclosure requirements relating to layby sale agreement “(1) A supplier must ensure that—
“(a) every layby sale agreement entered into by that sup- plier— “(i) is in writing; and “(ii) is expressed in plain language; and “(iii) is legible; and “(iv) is presented clearly; and “(v) complies with the requirements of subsection (2);
and “(b) a copy of the agreement is given to the consumer at the
time the agreement is entered into. “(2) The requirements referred to in subsection (1)(a)(v) are that—
“(a) the following information is set out on the front page of the agreement:
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 23
“(i) a clear description of the goods to be supplied under the agreement; and
“(ii) a summary of the consumer’s right to cancel the agreement under section 36F(1); and
“(iii) whether or not a cancellation charge will be im- posed; and
“(iv) if a cancellation charge is to be imposed, either the amount of the charge (if a fixed charge is to be imposed) or a clear description of how the charge will be calculated; and
“(v) the supplier’s name, street address, telephone number, and email address; and
“(b) the total price payable under the agreement is disclosed in the agreement; and
“(c) the agreement is dated.
“36D Further disclosure if requested by consumer “(1) In addition to the requirements of section 36C, the supplier
must, if requested by the consumer (either at the time that the layby sale agreement is entered into, or at any later time), pro- vide the consumer with a written statement that clearly sets out— “(a) the total purchase price that is, or (if the agreement has
been cancelled) was, payable under the agreement; and “(b) the amount paid by the consumer as at the date of the
statement; and “(c) the amount of the cancellation charge (if any) that, as at
the date of the statement, the consumer— “(i) is required to pay to the supplier (if the agreement
has been cancelled); or “(ii) would be required to pay to the supplier (if the
consumer were to cancel the agreement); and “(d) the outstanding amount (if any) that the consumer is
required to pay to the supplier under the agreement, and when and how that amount is to be paid.
“(2) The supplier must provide the statement to the consumer— “(a) within 5 working days after receiving a request; and “(b) free of charge.
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“36E Risk in goods “(1) Goods to which a layby sale agreement relates remain at the
supplier’s risk until property in the goods is transferred to the consumer and the consumer takes possession of those goods.
“(2) To avoid doubt, this section overrides section 22 of the Sale of Goods Act 1908.
“36F Cancellation of layby sale agreement by consumer “(1) A consumer may cancel a layby sale agreement—
“(a) at any time before the consumer takes possession of the goods to which the agreement relates; and
“(b) in any way (including oral or written) that shows the intention of the consumer to cancel or withdraw from the agreement.
“(2) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b), the consumer must com- municate with the supplier— “(a) by way of the contact details provided in accordance
with section 36C(2)(a)(v); or “(b) in any other way agreed to by the consumer and the
supplier. “(3) A supplier must not require the consumer to pay a charge for
the cancellation of the agreement (a cancellation charge) un- less— “(a) the agreement is cancelled—
“(i) by the consumer under subsection (1); or “(ii) by the supplier, because the consumer has
breached a material term of the agreement (see section 36G(a)); and
“(b) the agreement provides that a cancellation charge is payable; and
“(c) the supplier has not breached the agreement. “(4) A supplier must not impose a cancellation charge that is more
than the supplier’s reasonable costs arising directly from the agreement.
“(5) In subsection (4), reasonable costs arising directly from the agreement includes, for example,—
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“(a) the loss in value of the goods between the date of the agreement and the date of the cancellation of the agree- ment:
“(b) the reasonable costs incurred in storing and insuring the goods while the agreement was in force:
“(c) the reasonable administration costs of the agreement (for example, office expenses, salaries, or wages di- rectly attributable to the agreement).
“36G Cancellation of layby sale agreement by supplier A supplier may cancel a layby sale agreement only if— “(a) the consumer has breached a material term of the agree-
ment; or “(b) owing to circumstances beyond the control of the sup-
plier,— “(i) the goods to which the agreement relates are no
longer available; and “(ii) no satisfactory substitute goods can be reason-
ably obtained; or “(c) the supplier has ceased trading (other than in the cir-
cumstances described in section 36I(1)).
“36H Effect of cancellation of layby sale agreement If a layby sale agreement is cancelled under section 36F or 36G, the supplier— “(a) must immediately repay to the consumer all money paid
to the supplier under the agreement, less (in the case of cancellation under section 36F or 36G(a)) any cancel- lation charge that is payable; and
“(b) is, if the amounts paid by the consumer under the agree- ment are insufficient to cover the cancellation charge (if any), entitled to recover the balance of that charge from the consumer as a debt; and
“(c) is not entitled to damages, or to enforce any other rem- edy, in relation to the cancellation, except as provided for in paragraphs (a) and (b).
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“36I Bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation, or voluntary administration of supplier: completion of layby sale agreement
“(1) This section applies if— “(a) a supplier of goods under a layby sale agreement—
“(i) is adjudicated bankrupt; or “(ii) has a receiver or statutorymanager or similar per-
son appointed in respect of it or of all or any of its assets; or
“(iii) is put into liquidation; or “(iv) is in voluntary administration under Part 15A of
the Companies Act 1993; and “(b) the goods to which the agreement relates are part of
the assets in the bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation, or administration, as the case may be.
“(2) If this section applies, the consumer acquiring the goods is en- titled, on payment of the balance (if any) of the price specified in the agreement and within a reasonable time, to— “(a) complete the agreement; and “(b) have property in the goods to which the agreement re-
lates transferred to him or her; and “(c) take possession of those goods.
“(3) However, if there are insufficient goods to enable all con- sumers to complete their agreements in accordance with sub- section (2), the agreements must be completed in the same order as they were entered into.
“(4) Subsections (2) and (3) do not apply to a consumer who has, in breach of the agreement, made no payments to the supplier during the 3 months immediately before the relevant event de- scribed in subsection (1)(a).
“(5) If a consumer makes a payment under the agreement after an event described in subsection (1), the consumer is entitled to have that payment refunded in full.
“(6) To avoid doubt, subsection (5) does not apply if the agreement is completed in accordance with subsection (2) or (3).
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 23
“36J Bankruptcy, receivership, or liquidation of supplier: consumer priority
“(1) This section applies if— “(a) an event described in section 36I(1)(a)(i) to (iii) has oc-
curred; and “(b) the consumer described in section 36I(2)—
“(i) is entitled to a refund under section 36H(a); or “(ii) has been unable to complete the layby sale agree-
ment in accordance with section 36I(2) or (3), as the case may be.
“(2) If this section applies, the consumer— “(a) is a creditor in the bankruptcy, receivership, or liquid-
ation, to the extent of the payments made to the supplier in accordance with the layby sale agreement; and
“(b) is entitled to recover a sum equal to those payments with priority over— “(i) all other unsecured creditors; and “(ii) all creditors secured by a security interest of the
kind described in subsection (3). “(3) The kind of security interest referred to in subsection (2)(b)(ii)
is a security interest that is over all or any part of the supplier’s accounts receivable and inventory, or all or part of either of them, other than— “(a) a purchase money security interest that has been per-
fected at the time specified in section 74 of the Personal Property Securities Act 1999; or
“(b) a security interest that— “(i) has been perfected under the Personal Property
Securities Act 1999 at the date of the event de- scribed in section 36I(1)(a)(i) to (iii); and
“(ii) arises from the transfer of an account receivable for which new value is provided by the trans- feree for the acquisition of that account receiv- able (whether or not the transfer of the account receivable secures payment or performance of an obligation).
“(4) Debts to which priority is given by subsection (2)(b) must be paid in accordance with—
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s 23 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
“(a) section 274(3) of the Insolvency Act 2006 (in the case of bankruptcies); or
“(b) section 30 of the Receiverships Act 1993 (in the case of receiverships); or
“(c) section 312 and Schedule 7 of the Companies Act 1993 (in the case of liquidations).
“(5) To avoid doubt, this section does not apply in relation to— “(a) a consumer referred to in section 36I(4); or “(b) a payment refunded under section 36I(5).
“(6) In this section, account receivable, inventory, new value, purchase money security interest, and security interest have the meanings given to them in section 16 of the Personal Property Securities Act 1999.
“Subpart 2—Uninvited direct sales “36K Meaning of uninvited direct sale agreement “(1) In this subpart, uninvited direct sale agreement means an
agreement for the supply, in trade, of goods or services to a consumer— “(a) that is made as a result of negotiations (whether or not
they are the only negotiations that precede the making of the agreement) between a supplier and the consumer in a situation described in either subsection (2) or (3); and
“(b) where the price paid or payable by the consumer under the agreement— “(i) is more than $100; or “(ii) cannot be ascertained at the time of supply (re-
gardless of whether the price ultimately paid or payable is $100 or less).
“(2) The first situation is where the negotiations take place between the consumer and the supplier, in each other’s presence, in the consumer’s home or workplace, where the consumer did not invite the supplier to come to that place for the purposes of entering into negotiations relating to the supply of those goods or services (whether or not the consumer made such an invitation in relation to a different supply).
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 23
“(3) The other situation is where the negotiations take place by tele- phone, where the consumer did not invite the supplier to make the telephone call for the purposes of entering into negotiations relating to the supply of those goods or services (whether or not the consumer made such an invitation in relation to a dif- ferent supply).
“(4) However, uninvited direct sale agreement does not include a renewal agreement.
“(5) For the purposes of this section, a consumer has not invited a supplier to— “(a) come to the home or workplace, or to make a telephone
call, merely because the consumer has— “(i) given his or her name or contact details to the
supplier other than for the predominant purpose of entering into negotiations relating to the sup- ply of goods or services; or
“(ii) contacted the supplier in connection with an un- successful attempt by the supplier to contact the consumer:
“(b) enter into negotiations for a supply merely because the supplier has provided an unsolicited quote or estimate.
“(6) In subsection (4), renewal agreementmeans a new agreement that replaces an existing agreement between a supplier and consumer where— “(a) the existing agreement—
“(i) involves the supply, in trade, of goods or services to the consumer by the supplier; and
“(ii) is in force at the time the negotiations for the new agreement occur; and
“(b) the new agreement involves the supply, in trade, of goods or services— “(i) of the same, or of a similar, kind as those supplied
under the existing agreement; and “(ii) by the same supplier to the same consumer (being
the parties to the existing agreement); and “(iii) on the same, or similar, terms and conditions as
those in the existing agreement.
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“36L Disclosure requirements relating to uninvited direct sale agreements
“(1) A supplier must ensure that— “(a) every uninvited direct sale agreement entered into by
that supplier— “(i) is in writing; and “(ii) is expressed in plain language; and “(iii) is legible; and “(iv) is presented clearly; and “(v) complies with the requirements of subsection (2);
and “(b) a copy of the agreement is given to the consumer—
“(i) at the time the agreement is entered into; or “(ii) in the case of an agreement entered into over the
telephone, within 5 working days after the date on which the agreement was entered into.
“(2) The requirements referred to in subsection (1)(a)(v) are that— “(a) the following information is set out on the front page of
the agreement: “(i) a clear description of the goods or services to be
supplied under the agreement; and “(ii) a summary of the consumer’s right to cancel the
agreement under section 36M(1); and “(iii) the supplier’s name, street address, telephone
number, and email address; and “(iv) the consumer’s name and street address; and
“(b) either— “(i) the total price payable, and any other consider-
ation to be given, under the agreement is dis- closed in the agreement; or
“(ii) if the total price or consideration is not ascertain- able at the time at which the agreement is entered into, the method by which the total price or con- sideration will be calculated is disclosed in the agreement; and
“(c) the agreement is dated. “(3) The supplier must give the consumer oral notice, before the
agreement is entered into, of—
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 23
“(a) the consumer’s right to cancel the agreement within 5 working days after the date on which the consumer re- ceives a copy of the agreement; and
“(b) how the consumer may cancel the agreement. “(4) However, if an uninvited direct sale agreement is, or includes,
a consumer credit contract (as defined in section 11 of the Credit Contracts and Consumer Finance Act 2003), in rela- tion to that consumer credit contract only,— “(a) Part 2 of that Act applies in place of this subpart; and “(b) the supplier must give the consumer oral notice, before
the agreement is entered into, of— “(i) the consumer’s rights to cancel the agreement
under that Act; and “(ii) how the consumer may cancel the agreement
under that Act. “(5) For the purposes of subsection (4), a consumer credit contract
is included in an uninvited direct sale agreement if that con- tract was entered into for the purpose of financing the purchase of the goods or services that are the subject of the uninvited di- rect sale agreement.
“(6) To avoid doubt, where an uninvited direct sale agreement in- cludes a consumer credit contract, this subpart continues to apply to every part of the agreement that is not a consumer credit contract.
“36M Cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement by consumer
“(1) A consumer may cancel an uninvited direct sale agreement by giving notice of the cancellation to the supplier— “(a) within 5 working days after the date on which the con-
sumer receives a copy of the agreement; or “(b) if the supplier has failed to comply with section 36L
(except to the extent provided for in section 36N(2)), at any time.
“(2) Notice of cancellation may be expressed in any way (including oral or written) that shows the intention of the consumer to cancel or withdraw from the agreement.
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“(3) For the purposes of subsection (2), the consumer must com- municate with the supplier— “(a) by way of the contact details provided in accordance
with section 36L(2)(a)(iii); or “(b) in any other way agreed to by the consumer and the
supplier.
“36N Enforcement of uninvited direct sale agreement by supplier
“(1) An uninvited direct sale agreement is not enforceable by a sup- plier unless— “(a) the supplier has complied with section 36L; and “(b) the time during which the consumer may cancel the
agreement under section 36M has expired, and the con- sumer has not given notice of cancellation within that time.
“(2) However, subsection (1)(a) does not apply if the failure to comply with section 36L is minor (for example, where a sup- plier has provided an agreement at a time later than the time specified in section 36L(1)(b)) and does not materially preju- dice the consumer.
“36O Effect of cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement If an uninvited direct sale agreement is cancelled by a con- sumer (see section 36M),— “(a) the agreement (including any security or guarantee
given by any person in connection with that agreement) and any collateral agreement (including any consumer credit contract referred to in section 36L(4)) are, in relation to the consumer’s rights under this Act,— “(i) to be treated as if they had never had effect; and “(ii) not enforceable; and
“(b) the supplier must comply with section 36P; and “(c) the consumer must comply with section 36Q; and “(d) compensation (if any) is payable in accordance with
section 36R.
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 23
“36P Supplier’s obligations on cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement On cancellation of an uninvited direct sale agreement in ac- cordance with section 36M, the supplier must immediately re- pay to the consumer all money paid to the supplier under the agreement.
“36Q Consumer’s obligations on cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement
“(1) On cancellation of an uninvited direct sale agreement in ac- cordance with section 36M, the consumer must,— “(a) if the supplier has complied with section 36P, permit the
supplier to take possession of any goods that have been provided to the consumer under the agreement— “(i) from the address provided by the consumer in the
agreement; and “(ii) at any reasonable time requested by the supplier;
and “(b) take reasonable care of those goods, from the time that
the consumer took possession of the goods until the end of 10 working days beginning with the date on which notice was given in accordance with section 36M.
“(2) However, if, during the 10 working days referred to in sub- section (1)(b), the consumer unreasonably refuses or fails to permit the supplier to take possession of the goods, the con- sumer’s obligation to take reasonable care of the goods con- tinues until the consumer has given the supplier a reasonable opportunity to take possession of the goods.
“(3) Despite subsection (1), a consumer may, at the supplier’s ex- pense (if the supplier requests the consumer to return the goods and arranges for the goods to be collected from the consumer) or at the consumer’s expense (if the consumer chooses to re- turn the goods without a request being made by the supplier), return the goods to the supplier, in which case the consumer’s obligation to take care of the goods ceases when the goods are collected from the consumer, or when the consumer sends the goods to the supplier, as the case may be.
“(4) However, the consumer is under an obligation to take reason- able care to ensure that the goods will not be damaged in transit
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and, if the consumer chooses to return the goods without a re- quest being made by the supplier, to also take reasonable care to ensure that the goods will be delivered to the supplier.
“(5) To avoid doubt, a consumer is under no obligation— “(a) to permit the supplier to take possession of the goods if
the supplier has failed to comply with section 36P; or “(b) to deliver, or to arrange delivery of, the goods to the
supplier; or “(c) to care for the goods other than as required under this
section.
“36R Compensation on cancellation of uninvited direct sale agreement
“(1) On cancellation of an uninvited direct sale agreement under section 36M, the consumer is liable to pay compensation to the supplier for any loss of, or damage to, the goods that occurs while they are in the custody of the consumer, other than loss or damage— “(a) arising from the normal use of the goods; or “(b) owing to circumstances beyond the consumer’s control.
“(2) Subsection (1) applies only in relation to the period of custody beginning when the consumer takes delivery of the goods and ending— “(a) at the end of 10 working days after the date on which
notice was given in accordance with section 36M; or “(b) if section 36Q(2) applies, when the consumer has given
the supplier a reasonable opportunity to take possession of the goods.
“(3) If a supplier provided services under the agreement before it was cancelled,— “(a) the supplier is not entitled to any compensation for those
services; and “(b) if the services have resulted in the alteration of, or dam-
age to, the consumer’s property, the supplier must, if required by the consumer and at the supplier’s expense, return the property to the condition it was in (or as close as is reasonably practicable to that condition) immedi- ately before the services were provided.
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“(4) A supplier is not entitled to damages, or to enforce any other remedy, in relation to the cancellation of an uninvited direct sale agreement under section 36M, except as provided for in this section.
“36S Regulations “(1) The Governor-General may, by Order in Council made on the
recommendation of the Minister in accordance with subsec- tion (2), make regulations for the following purposes: “(a) exempting classes of agreement for the issue or sale of
a financial product from 1 or more provisions of this subpart:
“(b) prescribing terms and conditions to which an exemption described in paragraph (a) is subject.
“(2) TheMinister must not make a recommendation under this sec- tion unless— “(a) the Minister is satisfied that the exemption is not
broader than is reasonably necessary to address the matters that gave rise to the regulations; and
“(b) the Minister has consulted the persons or representa- tives of the persons that the Minister considers will be substantially affected by any Order in Council made in accordance with the recommendation, and those per- sons have had the opportunity to comment to the Min- ister; and
“(c) the Minister has considered those comments. “(3) A failure to comply with subsection (2) does not affect the
validity of any Order in Council made under this section. “(4) In this section, agreement for the issue or sale of a finan-
cial product means an agreement, resulting from an offer de- scribed in section 34(2) of the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013, for the issue or sale of a financial product (within the meaning of that section).
“Subpart 3—Extended warranties “36T Meaning of extended warranty agreement and related
definitions In this subpart,—
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“extended warranty agreement means an agreement— “(a) that is entered into—
“(i) between a consumer and a warrantor in relation to the purchase by the consumer of goods or ser- vices; and
“(ii) at, or at about, the same time as those goods or services are purchased; and
“(b) under which the warrantor provides specific warranties, guarantees, or undertakings (either directly or through a third person) in relation to those goods or services; and
“(c) for which the consumer pays a price that is separate from, or additional to, the price at which the goods or services are offered for sale
“warrantor means both— “(a) the supplier, if that person arranges or provides the ex-
tended warranty agreement; and “(b) if the extended warranty agreement is entered into di-
rectly between the consumer and a person other than the supplier (for example, an insurer or manufacturer), that other person.
“36U Disclosure requirements relating to extended warranty agreements
“(1) A warrantor must ensure that— “(a) every extended warranty agreement—
“(i) is in writing; and “(ii) is expressed in plain language; and “(iii) is legible; and “(iv) is presented clearly; and “(v) complies with the requirements of subsection (2);
and “(b) a copy of the agreement is given to the consumer at the
time the consumer purchases the extended warranty. “(2) The requirements referred to in subsection (1)(a)(v) are that—
“(a) the following information is set out on the front page of the agreement: “(i) a summarised comparison between the relevant
Consumer Guarantees Act 1993 guarantees and
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 23
the protections provided by the extended war- ranty agreement; and
“(ii) a summary of the consumer’s rights and remedies under the Consumer Guarantees Act 1993; and
“(iii) a summary of the consumer’s right to cancel the agreement under section 36V; and
“(iv) the warrantor’s name, street address, telephone number, and email address; and
“(b) all the terms and conditions of the agreement are in- cluded in the agreement, including— “(i) the rights and obligations of the warrantor and the
consumer; and “(ii) the duration and expiry date of the agreement
(including whether or not the agreement expires when a claim is made); and
“(c) the total price payable under the agreement is disclosed in the agreement; and
“(d) the agreement is dated. “(3) In addition to the requirements for written disclosure under
subsections (1) and (2), the warrantor must, where reasonably practicable (for example, where the agreement is entered into between a warrantor and consumer in each other’s presence or by telephone), give the consumer oral notice, before the agreement is entered into, of— “(a) the consumer’s right to cancel the agreement within 5
working days; and “(b) how the consumer may cancel the agreement.
“36V Cancellation of extended warranty agreement “(1) A consumer may cancel an extended warranty agreement by
giving notice of the cancellation to the warrantor— “(a) within 5 working days after the date on which the con-
sumer receives a copy of the agreement; or “(b) if the warrantor has failed to comply with section 36U
(except to the extent provided for in subsection (2)(b)), at any time.
“(2) However,— “(a) subsection (1) does not apply in relation to an extended
warranty agreement that has been entered into as a con-
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dition of a consumer credit contract (as defined in sec- tion 11 of the Credit Contracts and Consumer Finance Act 2003); and
“(b) subsection (1)(b) does not apply if the failure to comply with section 36U is minor (for example, where a war- rantor has provided an agreement at a time later than the time specified in section 36U(1)(b)) and does not materially prejudice the consumer.
“(3) Notice of cancellation may be expressed in any way (including oral or written) that shows the intention of the consumer to cancel or withdraw from the agreement.
“(4) For the purposes of subsection (3), the consumer must com- municate with the warrantor— “(a) by way of the contact details provided in accordance
with section 36U(2)(a)(iv); or “(b) in any other way agreed to by the consumer and the
warrantor. “(5) On cancellation of an agreement in accordance with subsec-
tions (1) to (3), the supplier must immediately repay all addi- tional consideration, in full and without any deductions, to the consumer.
“(6) To avoid doubt, nothing in this section entitles a consumer to cancel any other agreement relating to the goods or services that are the subject of the extended warranty agreement.
“36W Regulations “(1) The Governor-General may, by Order in Council made on the
recommendation of the Minister in accordance with subsec- tion (2), make regulations, in relation to extended warranty agreements, for all or any of the following purposes: “(a) prescribing a statement for the purposes of providing
the information specified in section 36U(2), including the size of the lettering of the words in, and the format of, the statement:
“(b) prescribing how, when, and to whom a statement pre- scribed under paragraph (a) must be provided.
“(2) TheMinister must not make a recommendation under this sec- tion unless—
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 23
“(a) the Minister has consulted such persons or representa- tives of such persons as the Minister considers will be substantially affected by any regulations made in ac- cordance with the recommendation, and those persons have had the opportunity to comment to the Minister; and
“(b) the Minister has considered any such comments. “(3) A failure to comply with subsection (2) does not affect the
validity of any regulations made under this section.
“Subpart 4—Auctions “36X Definitions “(1) In this subpart, unless the context otherwise requires,—
“auction means a process in which property of any kind (in- cluding goods, services, and interests in land) is offered for sale by an auctioneer on behalf of a vendor, and— “(a) bids for the property are placed with the auctioneer in
real time, whether in person, by telephone, via the Inter- net, or by any other means; and
“(b) the property is sold when the auctioneer so indicates “registered auctioneer means an auctioneer registered as an auctioneer under the Auctioneers Act 2013 “vendor means the person whose property is offered for sale at an auction by an auctioneer.
“(2) To avoid doubt, a process of selling property is not necessarily an auction for the purpose of this subpart just because it is described as an auction. For example, a process described as an Internet auction, but that provides that any contract of sale resulting from the process is a contract directly between the winner of the bidding and the seller of the property, is not an auction for the purpose of this subpart.
“36Y Application of subpart This subpart applies to auctions conducted by or on behalf of— “(a) a registered auctioneer; or “(b) any other person who carries on business as an auc-
tioneer (within the meaning given in section 5(3) of the
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Auctioneers Act 2013), whether or not a registered auc- tioneer.
“36Z Each lot is separate contract of sale If property is offered for sale by auction in lots,— “(a) the offer of each lot is a separate auction; and “(b) each lot sold is subject to a separate contract of sale. “Compare: 1908 No 168 s 59; 2007 No 91 s 42
“36ZA Start and end of auction “(1) An auction starts when the auctioneer invites the first bid from
potential participants. “(2) An auction ends when the auctioneer makes it clear that bid-
ding is closed. “(3) However, property that is offered for sale by auction must be
treated as having been sold at auction, even if the bidding ceased without the property being sold, if— “(a) the auctioneer accepts a subsequent offer from a person
who attended the auction; and “(b) that offer is accepted before the end of the first working
day following the day of the auction. “Compare: 1908 No 168 s 59; 2007 No 91 s 42
“36ZB Notice to participants “(1) Before and during any auction, notice of the terms of the auc-
tion must be readily available to view by all participants and potential participants in the auction, which means— “(a) for participants attending an auction in person, the no-
tice must be displayed and readily available to view by all participants; and
“(b) in any other case, the notice must be available to view, before and during the auction, on a readily accessible Internet site.
“(2) The notice of terms must include notice of the following: “(a) in the case of an auction of goods of a kind ordinarily
acquired for personal, domestic, or household use or consumption, whether the vendor of the goods is selling
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 23
the goods in trade as a supplier (within the meaning of the Consumer Guarantees Act 1993):
“(b) whether the sale is subject to a reserve price: “(c) whether vendor bids are permitted.
“(3) If different terms apply with respect to different lots, the no- tice, or the auctioneer before starting the auction of each lot, must identify which terms apply.
“(4) The person responsible for complying with the requirements of subsections (1) to (3) is,— “(a) if the auction is conducted by or on behalf of a registered
auctioneer, the registered auctioneer; or “(b) in any other case, the auctioneer conducting the auction.
“36ZC Vendors selling in trade The Consumer Guarantees Act 1993 does not apply to goods sold at auction if— “(a) the goods are goods that are ordinarily acquired for per-
sonal, domestic, or household use; and “(b) the vendor is selling the goods in trade as a supplier
(within the meaning of the Consumer Guarantees Act 1993); and
“(c) the goods are acquired in trade; and “(d) the notice of the terms of the auction specifies that in
the circumstances described in paragraphs (a) to (c) the Consumer Guarantees Act 1993 does not apply as be- tween the vendor and the purchaser.
“36ZD Vendor bids “(1) An auctioneer must not accept a vendor bid unless—
“(a) the terms of the auction specify that vendor bids are permitted; and
“(b) the auctioneer identifies each vendor bid as it is given; and
“(c) the property is offered for sale with a reserve price and the vendor bid is less than the reserve price.
“(2) In this section, vendor bid means a bid made by the vendor or any person (including an auctioneer) acting as agent for the vendor. “Compare: 1908 No 168 s 59; 2007 No 91 s 42
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s 24 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
“36ZE Bids may be withdrawn until end of auction Any bid at an auction may be withdrawn before the end of the auction. “Compare: 2007 No 91 s 42
“36ZF Account and payment of proceeds “(1) Within 10 working days after the sale by auction of property,
the auctioneer must provide to the vendor— “(a) the balance of the proceeds of the sale payable to the
vendor; and “(b) an account of the sale, which must set out, at a min-
imum, the bid accepted from the purchaser, the amount of any tax, auctioneer’s commission or other deduc- tions, and the amount payable to the vendor.
“(2) However, unless the vendor and auctioneer have agreed other- wise, if the vendor requests an auctioneer to provide the bal- ance of the proceeds and an account of the sale sooner than 10 working days after the sale, the auctioneer must comply with the request within 5 working days after the request is made.
“(3) An auctioneer need not comply with subsection (1) if— “(a) the vendor—
“(i) is in trade; or “(ii) is selling goods other than goods of a kind ordin-
arily acquired for personal, domestic, or house- hold use or consumption; and
“(b) the vendor agrees (expressly or impliedly) that subsec- tion (1) need not apply.
“(4) This section does not apply to a sale by auction of land or an interest in land conducted by a licensed real estate agent, and the provisions of the Real Estate Agents Act 2008 apply instead. “Compare: 1928 No 29 s 31”.
Jurisdiction 24 Jurisdiction of High Court
Section 37 is amended by adding the following paragraphs: “(d) applications for orders under section 46B to enforce
an undertaking involving a sum that, in total, exceeds
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 27
$200,000 or, if greater, the amount specified in section 29 of the District Courts Act 1947:
“(e) appeals from any order of a District Court under section 46B:
“(f) appeals from any order or decision of a District Court under section 46C or 46G:
“(g) applications by the Commission for a declaration under section 46I.”
25 Jurisdiction of District Courts (1) Section 38 is amended by adding the following paragraphs:
“(c) applications for orders under section 46B to enforce an undertaking involving a sum that, in total, does not ex- ceed $200,000 or, if greater, the amount specified in sec- tion 29 of the District Courts Act 1947:
“(d) applications under sections 46C and 46G: “(e) applications by the Commission for a declaration under
section 46I.” (2) Section 38 is amended by adding the following subsection as
subsection (2): “(2) This section is subject to section 43B.”
26 Jurisdiction of Disputes Tribunals (1) Section 39 is amended by omitting “section 43(2)(c) to (f) of
this Act (except in respect of a contravention of section 9 of this Act)” and substituting “section 43”.
(2) Section 39 is amended by adding the following subsection as subsection (2):
“(2) This section is subject to section 43B.”
Offences and orders 27 Contraventions of provisions of Part 1, Part 2, Part 3,
and Part 4 an offence (1) The heading to section 40 is amended by omitting “Part 1,
Part 2, Part 3, and Part 4” and substituting “Parts 1 to 4A”. (2) Section 40 is amended by repealing subsection (1) and substi-
tuting the following subsection:
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s 28 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
“(1) Every person who contravenes a provision of Part 1 (except sections 9, 14(2), 23, or 24), Part 3, or Part 4 commits an offence and is liable on conviction,— “(a) in the case of an individual, to a fine not exceeding
$200,000; and “(b) in the case of a body corporate, to a fine not exceeding
$600,000.” (3) Section 40(1A) is amended by omitting “$200,000” and sub-
stituting “$600,000”. (4) Section 40 is amended by inserting the following subsection
after subsection (1A): “(1B) Every person who contravenes a provision of Part 2 or Part
4A commits an offence and is liable on conviction,— “(a) in the case of an individual, to a fine not exceeding
$10,000; and “(b) in the case of a body corporate, to a fine not exceeding
$30,000.”
28 Additional penalty for contravention of section 24 involving commercial gain Section 40A(4) is repealed.
29 New sections 40B to 40H inserted The following sections are inserted after section 40A:
“40B Infringement offence, etc, defined In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— “infringement fee means the amount, not exceeding $2,000, that is prescribed by regulations made under section 40H as the amount payable in respect of an infringement offence for which an infringement notice has been issued “infringement notice means a notice, in the form prescribed by regulations made under section 40H and issued under sec- tion 40D, in respect of an infringement offence “infringement offence means any of the following: “(a) an offence against section 40(1) of failing to comply
with a suspension of supply notice issued under section 33D:
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 29
“(b) an offence against section 40(1B) involving the contra- vention of section 28 (consumer information stand- ards):
“(c) an offence against section 40(1B) of failing to comply with section 28B(2) or (3) (disclosure of trader status on Internet):
“(d) an offence against section 40(1B) involving the contra- vention of any of the following provisions of Part 4A: “(i) section 36C (layby disclosure requirements): “(ii) section 36D (further layby disclosure require-
ments): “(iii) section 36L (uninvited direct sale disclosure re-
quirements): “(iv) section 36U (extended warranty disclosure re-
quirements).
“40C Infringement offence alleged “(1) If a person is alleged to have committed an infringement of-
fence, the person may either— “(a) be proceeded against by filing a charging document
under section 14 of the Criminal Procedure Act 2011; or
“(b) be served with an infringement notice. “(2) Despite section 21 of the Summary Proceedings Act 1957,
leave of a District Court Judge or Registrar to file a charg- ing document is not necessary if the Commission commences proceedings for an infringement offence by filing a charging document under the Criminal Procedure Act 2011. “Compare: 1992 No 122 s 165A
“40D Issue of infringement notice “(1) The Commission may issue an infringement notice to a person
if— “(a) the Commission believes on reasonable grounds that the
person is committing, or has committed, an infringe- ment offence; and
“(b) no information for that offence has been laid against, and no infringement notice has been issued to, the per-
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s 29 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
son in relation to the conduct alleged to be an infringe- ment offence.
“(2) The Commission may revoke an infringement notice before the infringement fee is paid, or before an order for payment of a fine is made or deemed to be made by a court under section 21 of the Summary Proceedings Act 1957.
“(3) An infringement notice is revoked by giving written notice to the person to whom it was issued that the notice is revoked. “Compare: 1992 No 122 s 165B
“40E Procedural requirements for infringement notices “(1) An infringement notice may be served on a person (a recipi-
ent) who is alleged to have committed an infringement of- fence— “(a) by delivering it, or a copy of it, personally to the recipi-
ent; or “(b) by sending it, or a copy of it, by post, addressed to the
recipient at the recipient’s last known place of residence or business.
“(2) For the purposes of the Summary Proceedings Act 1957, an infringement notice sent under subsection (1)(b) must be treated as having been served on the recipient on the date it was posted.
“(3) An infringement notice must be in the form prescribed by regulations made under section 40H and must contain— “(a) details of the alleged infringement offence that are suffi-
cient to fully and fairly inform the recipient of the time, place, and nature of the alleged infringement offence; and
“(b) the amount of the infringement fee; and “(c) an address at which the infringement fee may be paid;
and “(d) the time within which the infringement fee must be
paid; and “(e) a summary of the provisions of section 21(10) of the
Summary Proceedings Act 1957; and “(f) a statement that the recipient has a right to request a
hearing; and
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 30
“(g) a statement of what will happen if the recipient does not pay the fee and does not request a hearing; and
“(h) any other prescribed matters. “(4) If an infringement notice has been issued, proceedings in re-
spect of the infringement offence to which the notice relates may be commenced in accordance with section 21 of the Sum- mary Proceedings Act 1957; and in that case, section 21 of the Summary Proceedings Act 1957 applies, with all necessary modifications.
“(5) Reminder notices must be prescribed by regulations made under section 40H and must contain the information referred to in subsection (3). “Compare: 1992 No 122 s 165C
“40F What Commission does with infringement fees The Commission must pay all infringement fees received into a Crown Bank Account. “Compare: 1992 No 122 s 165D
“40G Effect of infringement notice If an infringement notice is issued, a criminal record must not be created in respect of the infringement offence.
“40H Regulations relating to infringement offences The Governor-General may, by Order in Council made on the recommendation of the Minister, make regulations for the fol- lowing purposes: “(a) prescribing the form of infringement notices and re-
minder notices: “(b) prescribing any matters that must be included in those
notices: “(c) prescribing the amount of the infringement fee.”
30 Summary Proceedings Act 1957 consequentially amended (1) This section amends the Summary Proceedings Act 1957. (2) The definition of infringement notice in section 2(1) is
amended by inserting the following paragraph after paragraph (fa):
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s 31 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
“(fb) section 40D of the Fair Trading Act 1986; or”.
31 Order to disclose information or publish advertisement Section 42(3) is repealed.
32 New sections 43 to 43B substituted Section 43 is repealed and the following sections are substi- tuted:
“43 Other orders “(1) This section applies if, in proceedings under this Part or on the
application of any person, a court or a Disputes Tribunal finds that a person (person A) has suffered, or is likely to suffer, loss or damage by conduct of another person (person B) that does or may constitute any of the following: “(a) a contravention of a provision of Parts 1 to 4A (a rele-
vant provision): “(b) aiding, abetting, counselling, or procuring a contraven-
tion of a relevant provision: “(c) inducing by threats, promises, or otherwise a contraven-
tion of a relevant provision: “(d) being in any way directly or indirectly knowingly con-
cerned in, or party to, a contravention of a relevant pro- vision:
“(e) conspiring with any other person in the contravention of a relevant provision.
“(2) The court or the Disputes Tribunal may make 1 or more of the orders described in subsection (3)— “(a) whether or not the court grants an injunction, or the
court or the Disputes Tribunal makes any other order, under this Part; and
“(b) whether or not person A made the application or is a party to the proceedings.
“(3) The orders are as follows: “(a) an order declaring all or part of a contract made between
person A and person B, or a collateral arrangement (for example, a collateral credit agreement) relating to such a contract,— “(i) to be void; and
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 32
“(ii) if the court or the Disputes Tribunal thinks fit, to have been void at all times on and after a date specified in the order, which may be before the date on which the order is made:
“(b) if an order described in paragraph (a) is made in respect of a contract that is associated with a collateral credit agreement, an order vesting in person B all or any of the rights and obligations of person A under the collateral credit agreement:
“(c) an order in respect of a contract made between person A and person B, or a collateral arrangement (for ex- ample, a collateral credit agreement) relating to such a contract,— “(i) varying the contract or the arrangement in the
manner specified in the order; and “(ii) if the court or the Disputes Tribunal thinks fit,
declaring the varied contract or arrangement to have had effect on and after a date specified in the order, which may be before the date on which the order is made:
“(d) if an order described in paragraph (c) is made in re- spect of a contract that is associated with a collateral credit agreement, and if that order results in person A no longer having property in the goods that are the subject of the contract, an order vesting in person B the rights and obligations of person A under the collateral credit agreement:
“(e) an order directing person B to refund money or return property to person A:
“(f) an order directing person B to pay to person A the amount of the loss or damage:
“(g) an order directing person B, at person B’s own expense, to repair, or to provide parts for, goods that have been supplied by person B to person A:
“(h) an order directing person B, at person B’s own expense, to supply specified goods or services to person A.
“(4) In subsection (3)(a) to (d), collateral credit agreement, in relation to a contract for the supply of goods, means a contract or an agreement that—
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s 32 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
“(a) is arranged or procured by the supplier of the goods; and “(b) is for the provision of credit by a person other than the
supplier to enable person A to pay, or defer payment, for the goods.
“(5) An order made under subsection (3)(a) to (d) does not prevent proceedings being instituted or commenced under this Part.
“(6) This section does not limit or affect— “(a) the Illegal Contracts Act 1970; or “(b) section 317 of the Accident Compensation Act 2001.
“43A Application for order under section 43 A person may apply to a court or a Disputes Tribunal for an order under section 43 at any time within 3 years after the date on which the loss or damage, or the likelihood of loss or damage, was discovered or ought reasonably to have been discovered.
“43B Limits on jurisdiction of District Court and Disputes Tribunal to make orders under section 43
“(1) A District Court must not make an order under section 43 if a value or amount described in subsection (3) exceeds $200,000 or, if greater, the amount specified in section 29 of the District Courts Act 1947.
“(2) A Disputes Tribunal must not make an order under section 43 if a value or amount described in subsection (3) exceeds whichever is the greatest of the following: “(a) $15,000: “(b) the amount specified in section 10(1A)(b) of the Dis-
putes Tribunals Act 1988: “(c) the amount specified in section 13(2) of the Disputes
Tribunals Act 1988, if the jurisdiction of the Disputes Tribunal is extended by an agreement between the par- ties under section 13 of that Act.
“(3) The values and amounts are as follows: “(a) in the case of an order under section 43(3)(a) or (c), the
value of the consideration for the promise or act of any party to the contract or collateral arrangement referred to in that paragraph:
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 s 35
“(b) in the case of an order under section 43(3)(e) directing a person to refund money or return property, the amount of money or the value of the property:
“(c) in the case of an order under section 43(3)(f) requiring a person to pay an amount, that amount:
“(d) in the case of an order under section 43(3)(g) directing a person to repair goods or to provide parts for goods, the value of the work required to repair the goods, or the value of the parts, as the case may be:
“(e) in the case of an order under section 43(3)(h) directing a person to supply services, the value of the services.”
33 Defences Section 44(1) is amended by inserting the following paragraph after paragraph (a): “(ab) that, in the case of an offence under section 40(1) in rela-
tion to a contravention of section 21C(1), the defendant reasonably believed that there was a right to payment or other consideration; or”.
34 Finding in proceedings to be evidence Section 46 is amended by omitting “the court or” and substi- tuting “the High Court or a”.
Enforceable undertakings and management banning orders
35 New headings and sections 46A to 46G inserted The following headings and sections are inserted after section 46:
“Enforceable undertakings “46A Commission may accept undertakings “(1) The Commission may accept a written undertaking given by,
or on behalf of, a person in connection with anymatter relating to the enforcement of this Act.
“(2) The person may withdraw or vary the undertaking with the consent of the Commission. “Compare: 1978 No 103 s 69J
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s 35 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
“46B Enforcement of undertakings “(1) If the Commission considers that a person who has given an
undertaking under section 46A has breached a term of that undertaking, the Commission may apply to the court for an order under subsection (2).
“(2) The court maymake any of the following orders if it is satisfied that the person has breached a term of the undertaking: “(a) an order directing the person to comply with the term: “(b) an order directing the person to pay to the Crown an
amount not exceeding the amount of any financial bene- fit that the person has obtained directly or indirectly and that is reasonably attributable to the breach:
“(c) any order that the court thinks appropriate directing the person to compensate any other personwho has suffered loss or damage as a result of the breach:
“(d) an order for any consequential relief that the court thinks appropriate.
“Compare: 1978 No 103 s 69K
“Management banning orders “46C Management banning orders “(1) A District Court may make a management banning order
against an individual who— “(a) has, on at least 2 separate occasions within a 10-year
period (whether before or after this section comes into force), committed an offence against section 40(1) or (1A); or
“(b) is, or was at the time of the commission of the offence, a director of, or concerned in the management of, an incorporated or unincorporated body that has, on at least 2 separate occasions within a 10-year period (whether before or after this section comes into force), committed an offence against section 40(1) or (1A); or
“(c) has been prohibited by an overseas jurisdiction, in con- nection with the contravention of any law relating to fair trading, from carrying on activities that are substantially similar to those referred to in section 46D.
“(2) The court may make the order only if it is satisfied that the order is necessary to protect the public from the risk that the
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person, or any incorporated or unincorporated body of which the person is a director, or themanagement of which the person is concerned in, will commit further offences against section 40(1) or (1A).
“46D Terms of management banning orders A management banning order must prohibit the person to whom it applies from being, without the leave of a District Court, a director of, or being in any way (whether directly or indirectly) concerned in or taking part in the management of, an incorporated or unincorporated body that carries on business in New Zealand, for a period specified in the order, which must be no more than 10 years. “Compare: 1978 No 103 s 60B
“46E Offence to breach management banning order A person who breaches a management banning order made against him or her commits an offence and is liable on sum- mary conviction to a fine not exceeding $60,000.
“46F Procedures relating to management banning order “(1) An application for a management banning order may be made
only by the Commission. “(2) The Commission, and any other persons that the court thinks
fit, may attend and be heard at the hearing of the application. “(3) A copy of every management banning order must be given
to— “(a) the person concerned; and “(b) the Commission; and “(c) the Registrar of Companies.
“(4) The Commission must publish every management banning order made under section 46C in the Gazette as soon as prac- ticable after it is made. “Compare: 1978 No 103 s 60F
“46G Seeking leave of court “(1) An application for leave of a District Court under section 46D
must be by way of originating application.
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“(2) The Commission, and any other persons that the court thinks fit, may attend and be heard at the hearing of the application. “Compare: 1978 No 103 s 60F”
36 New heading and sections 46H to 46M inserted The following heading and sections are inserted after section 46G:
“Declaration of unfair contract terms “46H Application by Commission for declaration of unfair
contract term “(1) The Commission may apply to the High Court or a District
Court (at the choice of the Commission) for a declaration under section 46I that a term in a standard form consumer contract is an unfair contract term.
“(2) Any person may ask the Commission to apply to a court for a declaration under section 46I in relation to a contract to which the person is a party.
“46I Declaration of unfair contract terms “(1) The High Court or a District Court may, on application by the
Commission, declare that a term in a standard form consumer contract is an unfair contract term.
“(2) The court maymake the declaration only if it is satisfied that— “(a) the term is in a contract that is a consumer contract; and “(b) the consumer contract is a standard form contract (as
determined in accordance with section 46J); and “(c) the declaration is not prohibited by section 46K(1); and “(d) the term is unfair in the sense described in section 46L.
“(3) A declaration under this section— “(a) must identify the contract to which it applies by refer-
ence to at least 1 of the parties to the contract; and “(b) may describe the context or conditions in which the
term’s inclusion in a standard form contract means that the term is an unfair contract term.
“46J Standard form contracts “(1) A court may determine that any contract in which the terms
(other than terms referred to in section 46K) have not been
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subject to effective negotiation between the parties is a stand- ard form contract.
“(2) In determining whether a contract is a standard form contract, the court must (without limitation) take into account the fol- lowing: “(a) whether one of the parties has all or most of the bargain-
ing power relating to the transaction: “(b) whether the contract was prepared by one or more par-
ties before any discussion relating to the transaction oc- curred with the other party or parties:
“(c) whether 1 or more of the parties was, in effect, required either to accept or reject the terms of the contract (other than terms referred to in section 46K) in the form in which they were presented:
“(d) the extent to which the parties had an effective oppor- tunity to negotiate the terms (other than terms referred to in section 46K) of the contract:
“(e) the extent to which the terms of the contract take into account the specific characteristics of any party to the contract.
“(3) If a party to a proceeding alleges that a contract is a stand- ard form contract, the contract is presumed to be a standard form contract unless any other party to the proceedings proves otherwise.
“46K Terms that may not be declared to be unfair contract terms
“(1) A court may not declare a term in a standard form consumer contract to be an unfair contract term to the extent that the term— “(a) defines the main subject matter of the contract; or “(b) sets the upfront price payable under the contract; or “(c) is a term required or expressly permitted by any enact-
ment. “(2) In this section, upfront pricemeans the consideration (includ-
ing any consideration that is contingent upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of a particular event) payable under the con- tract, but only to the extent that the consideration is set out in a term that is transparent.
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“46L When term in consumer contract is unfair “(1) A term in a consumer contract is unfair if the court is satisfied
that the term— “(a) would cause a significant imbalance in the parties’
rights and obligations arising under the contract; and “(b) is not reasonably necessary in order to protect the legit-
imate interests of the party who would be advantaged by the term; and
“(c) would cause detriment (whether financial or otherwise) to a party if it were applied, enforced, or relied on.
“(2) In determining whether a term of a consumer contract is unfair, the court may take into account any matters it thinks relevant, but must take into account— “(a) the extent to which the term is transparent; and “(b) the contract as a whole.
“(3) For the purpose of subsection (1)(b), a term in a consumer contract must be presumed not to be reasonably necessary in order to protect the legitimate interests of the party who would be advantaged by the term, unless that party proves otherwise.
“(4) For the purpose of subsection (1)(b), and despite anything in section 46M, in relation to contracts of insurance only, the fol- lowing terms must be taken to be terms that are reasonably necessary in order to protect the legitimate interests of the in- surer: “(a) a term that identifies the uncertain event or that other-
wise specifies the subject matter insured or the risk in- sured against:
“(b) a term that specifies the sum or sums insured or assured: “(c) a term that excludes or limits the liability of the insurer
to indemnify the insured on the happening of certain events or on the existence of certain circumstances:
“(d) a term that describes the basis on which claims may be settled or that specifies any contributory sum due from, or amount to be borne by, an insured in the event of a claim under the contract of insurance:
“(e) a term that provides for the payment of the premium: “(f) a term relating to the duty of utmost good faith that
applies to parties to a contract of insurance:
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“(g) a term specifying requirements for disclosure, or relat- ing to the effect of non-disclosure or misrepresentation, by the insured.
“(5) In subsection (4),— “contract of insurance has the meaning given in section 7 of the Insurance (Prudential Supervision) Act 2010 “premium has the meaning given in section 6 of the Insurance (Prudential Supervision) Act 2010 “uncertain event has the meaning given in section 7 of the Insurance (Prudential Supervision) Act 2010.
“46M Examples of unfair contract terms Without limiting section 46I, the following are examples of the kind of terms that, if in a consumer contract, may be unfair contract terms: “(a) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one
party (but not another party) to avoid or limit perform- ance of the contract:
“(b) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party (but not another party) to terminate the contract:
“(c) a term that penalises, or has the effect of penalising, one party (but not another party) for a breach or termination of the contract:
“(d) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party (but not another party) to vary the terms of the contract:
“(e) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party (but not another party) to renew or not renew the contract:
“(f) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party to vary the upfront price (as defined in section 46K(2)) payable under the contract without the right of another party to terminate the contract:
“(g) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party unilaterally to vary the characteristics of the goods or services to be supplied, or the interest in land to be sold or granted, under the contract:
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“(h) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party unilaterally to determine whether a contract has been breached or to interpret its meaning:
“(i) a term that limits, or has the effect of limiting, one party’s vicarious liability for its agents:
“(j) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party to assign the contract to the detriment of another party without that other party’s consent:
“(k) a term that limits, or has the effect of limiting, one party’s right to sue another party:
“(l) a term that limits, or has the effect of limiting, the evi- dence one party can adduce in proceedings relating to the contract:
“(m) a term that imposes, or has the effect of imposing, the evidential burden on one party in proceedings relating to the contract.”
Offences (consequential) 37 New section 47F substituted
Section 47F is repealed and the following section substituted: “47F Offence to resist, obstruct, or delay “(1) Every person commits an offence who resists, obstructs, or
delays— “(a) any product safety officer exercising a power under sec-
tion 33C or 33D; or “(b) any authorised person acting pursuant to a warrant is-
sued under section 47; or “(c) any authorised employee exercising a power under sec-
tion 47L. “(2) A person who commits an offence against this section is liable
on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 in the case of an individual, or $30,000 in the case of a body corporate.”
38 Commission may require person to supply information or documents
(1) The heading to section 47G is amended by adding “or give evidence”.
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(2) Section 47G(1) is amended by adding “; or” and also by adding the following paragraph: “(c) to appear before the Commission at a time and place
specified in the notice to give evidence, either orally or in writing, and supply any document or class of docu- ments specified in the notice.”
(3) Section 47G is amended by adding the following subsections: “(3) No person is excused from complying with a requirement
to supply information or documents, or to appear before the Commission, on the ground that to do so might tend to incriminate the person.
“(4) A statement made by a person in answer to a question put by or before the Commission is not admissible against the person in criminal proceedings other than proceedings for a charge of perjury against the maker of the statement or in proceedings on a charge of an offence against section 47J.
“(5) Subsections (3) and (4) prevail over subsection (2).”
Authorised employees 39 New sections 47K and 47L inserted
The following sections are inserted after section 47J: “47K Commission may authorise employees for monitoring
and enforcement purposes “(1) The Commission may authorise any employee (an authorised
employee) to monitor and enforce compliance with any or all of the following: “(a) consumer information standards: “(b) product safety standards: “(c) unsafe goods notices: “(d) suspension of supply notices: “(e) services safety standards.
“(2) Every employee so authorised must be issued with a certificate as evidence of the person’s appointment.
“(3) The certificate must be in a form determined by the Commis- sion and contain— “(a) a reference to this section; and “(b) the full name of the authorised employee; and
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“(c) a reference to the powers conferred on the authorised employee under section 47L; and
“(d) a statement of the powers (if any) of the authorised em- ployee under the Search and Surveillance Act 2012.
“47L Powers of authorised employees “(1) In this section,—
“place means any place that an authorised employee believes on reasonable grounds is a place at which consumers have access to relevant goods or services, or from which relevant goods are dispatched to consumers “relevant goods or servicesmeans goods or services to which any consumer information standards, product safety standards, unsafe goods notices, suspension of supply notices, or services safety standards apply.
“(2) An authorised employee may enter and inspect a place (not being a dwellinghouse), without a warrant, for the purpose of monitoring or enforcing compliance with any consumer infor- mation standards, product safety standards, unsafe goods no- tices, suspension of supply notices, or services safety stand- ards that apply to any relevant goods.
“(3) While at the place, an authorised employee may, for the pur- pose described in subsection (2), do any of the following: “(a) with respect to any goods at the place that are available
to consumers for supply or that are dispatched for sup- ply, inspect the goods, photograph them, and purchase them at the price for which they are currently offered for sale:
“(b) require the person at the place who appears to be in charge of the supply or dispatch of relevant goods or services at the time (the person in charge) to give his or her name and show to the authorised employee identi- fication sufficient to confirm that the name given is cor- rect:
“(c) require the person in charge to give the authorised em- ployee any information about the goods or services that is normally disclosed to a consumer to whom the goods or services are supplied or dispatched:
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“(d) require the person in charge to identify the person from whom relevant goods were acquired:
“(e) if relevant goods have, within a specified period, been supplied in trade to another person other than by retail, require the person in charge to identify the person or persons to whom they have been supplied during that period:
“(f) require any person by whom any relevant goods are car- ried for delivery pursuant to, or in connection with, a contract for sale, to give— “(i) his or her name and address; and “(ii) the name and address of his or her employer (if
any); and “(iii) the name and address of the owner of the goods,
if known: “(g) issue an infringement notice, on behalf of the Commis-
sion, under section 40D. “(4) If an authorised employee enters a dwellinghouse with the per-
mission of the occupier or under a warrant issued under sub- section (5), the authorised employee may, for the purpose de- scribed in subsection (2), exercise the powers listed in subsec- tion (3).
“(5) An issuing officer (within the meaning of section 3 of the Search and Surveillance Act 2012) may, by warrant, authorise an authorised employee to enter and inspect a dwellinghouse or any other place specified in the warrant if the issuing officer is satisfied, on application made in accordance with subsection (6), that there are reasonable grounds to believe that a search of the place is necessary for the purpose described in subsec- tion (2).
“(6) The application for a warrant must be made in writing in the manner provided for an application for a search warrant in subpart 3 of Part 4 of the Search and Surveillance Act 2012.
“(7) Part 4 of the Search and Surveillance Act 2012 (except sec- tions 118 and 119) applies.”
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Consequential amendments, repeals, and savings
40 Saving of other laws Section 50 is amended by adding the following subsection:
“(3) However, subsection (1) does not apply in relation to any pro- vision in Part 4A that limits or affects the operation of the Sale of Goods Act 1908 or the Contractual Remedies Act 1979.”
41 Consequential repeals and amendments (1) The following Acts are repealed:
(a) Door to Door Sales Act 1967 (1967 No 126): (b) UnsolicitedGoods and Services Act 1975 (1975No 46).
(2) The enactments specified in the Schedule are consequentially amended as set out in that schedule.
42 Repeal and savings relating to Layby Sales Act 1971 (1) The Layby Sales Act 1971 (1971 No 80) is repealed. (2) Despite subsection (1), the Layby Sales Act 1971 continues to
apply in relation to a layby sale entered into before the com- mencement of this section.
(3) In subsection (2), layby sale has the meaning given to it by section 3 of the Layby Sales Act 1971.
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2013 No 143 Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 Schedule
Schedule s 41(2) Consequential amendments arising from amendments to Fair Trading Act 1986
Part 1 Amendments to Acts
Companies Act 1993 (1993 No 105) Clause 1(3) of Schedule 7: omit “section 11 of the Layby Sales Act 1971” and substitute “section 36J of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Clause 1(3)(b) of Schedule 7: omit “section 9 of the Layby Sales Act 1971” and substitute “section 36H of the Fair Trading Act 1986”.
Electronic Transactions Act 2002 (2002 No 35) Item relating to the Door to Door Sales Act 1967 in Part 2 of the Schedule: omit.
Goods and Services Tax Act 1985 (1985 No 141) Section 5(4): omit “the Door to Door Sales Act 1967” and substitute “subpart 2 of Part 4A of the Fair Trading Act 1986” and omit “section 7” and substitute “section 36M”. Section 5(5): omit “the Layby Sales Act 1971” and substitute “sub- part 1 of Part 4A of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Section 5(5)(a): omit “the Layby Sales Act 1971” and substitute “section 36F or 36G of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Section 5(5)(b)(i): omit “selling costs” and substitute “cancellation charge”. Section 5(5)(b): omit “section 9(1)(b) of the Layby Sales Act 1971” and substitute “section 36H(b) and (c) of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Section 9(2)(b): omit “section 7 of the Door to Door Sales Act 1967” and substitute “section 36M of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Section 9(2)(c): omit “the Layby Sales Act 1971” and substitute “section 36F or 36G of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Section 78AA(6): omit “the Layby Sales Act 1971” and substitute “subpart 1 of Part 4A of the Fair Trading Act 1986”.
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Schedule Fair Trading Amendment Act 2013 2013 No 143
Part 1—continued
Insolvency Act 2006 (2006 No 55) Section 274(3): omit “section 11 of the Layby Sales Act 1971” and substitute “section 36J of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Section 274(3)(b): omit “section 9 of the Layby Sales Act 1971” and substitute “section 36H of the Fair Trading Act 1986”.
Mercantile Law Act 1908 (1908 No 117) Section 44: repeal.
Private Security Personnel and Private Investigators Act 2010 (2010 No 115) Section 62(f)(iii): insert “12A,” after “11,”. Section 63(1)(a)(i): insert “12A,” after “12,”.
Real Estate Agents Act 2008 (2008 No 66) Section 37(1)(b): insert “12A,” after “sections”.
Search and Surveillance Act 2012 (2012 No 24) Schedule: replace item relating to Fair Trading Act 1986 with: Fair Trading Act 1986
33C Product safety officers may obtain and execute search warrant for pur- poses associated with unsafe goods
All (except sections 118 and 119)
47(2) Authorised employee may obtain and exe- cute search warrant to investigate breaches of Fair Trading Act 1986
All (except sections 118 and 119)
47L Authorised employee may obtain and execute search warrant to moni- tor and enforce compli- ance with certain stand- ards and notices
All (except sections 118 and 119)
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Part 2 Amendments to regulations
District Courts Rules 2009 (SR 2009/257) Rule 6.1.1(p): revoke.
Private Security Personnel and Private Investigators (Forms) Regulations 2011 (SR 2011/73) Schedule: amend form 1 by omitting “section 10, 11, 13, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986” and substituting “sec- tion 10, 11, 12A, 13, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Schedule: amend form 2 by omitting “section 10, 11, 12, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986” and substituting “sec- tion 10, 11, 12, 12A, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Schedule: amend form 2 by omitting “section 10, 11, 13, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986” and substituting “sec- tion 10, 11, 12A, 13, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986” Schedule: amend form 6 by omitting “section 10, 11, 13, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986” and substituting “sec- tion 10, 11, 12A, 13, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986”. Schedule: amend form 7 by omitting “section 10, 11, 13, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986” and substituting “sec- tion 10, 11, 12A, 13, 16, 19, 21, 24, 47F, or 47J of the Fair Trading Act 1986”.
Summary Proceedings (Orders of Reparation) Order 2011 (SR 2011/401) Schedule: omit the item relating to the Door to Door Sales Act 1967. Schedule: amend the item relating to the Fair Trading Act 1986 by omitting “Section 43(2)(d)” and substituting “Section 43(3)(f)”.
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Legislative history
3 December 2013 Divided from Consumer Law Reform Bill (Bill 287–2) by committee of the whole House as Bill 287–3A
10 December 2013 Third reading 17 December 2013 Royal assent
This Act is administered by the Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment.
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Wellington, New Zealand: Published under the authority of the New Zealand Government—2013
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