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Loi n° 10 du 25 juin 1991 sur les marques, Bahreïn

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Texte abrogé 
Détails Détails Année de version 1991 Dates Entrée en vigueur: 1 septembre 1991 Adopté/e: 25 juin 1991 Type de texte Principales lois de propriété intellectuelle Sujet Marques Sujet (secondaire) Mise en application des droits, Organe de réglementation de la PI Notes Date d'entrée en vigueur : Voir Art. 37

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Texte(s) princip(al)(aux) Texte(s) princip(al)(aux) Anglais Law No. 10 of June 25, 1991, on Trademarks        
 Law No. 10 of June 25, 1991, on Trademarks

37BLAW NO. 10 OF 1991 ON TRADEMARKS

We, Isa Bin Sulman Al Khalifa, Amir of the State of Bahrain,

having examined the Constitution,

and Amiri Order No.4 of 1975,

and the Regulations on Industrial Patents, Designs and Trade Marks of 1955, as amended by Legislative Decree No. 22 of 1977,

and Legislative Decree No. 7 of 1987 with respect to promulgating the Law of Commerce,

and upon the submission of the Minister for Commerce and Agriculture,

and with the approval of the Council of Ministers,

HEREBY ENACTED THE FOLLOWING LAW:

0BArticle 1

A Trade Mark shall mean everything that takes a distinctive form such as names, words,

signatures, characters, numbers, drawings, codes, seals, pictures, inscriptions or any other sign or a

group of signs if used or intended to be used in distinguishing products, goods or services of

whichever origin, or to indicate that the item or the product intended to display the mark thereon

belongs to the owner of the mark due to its brand, production, invention, trading therein or to

indicate the performance of certain services.

1BArticle 2

1. A register shall be maintained at the Commercial Registry at the Directorate of Commerce

and Companies’ Affairs to be called “Trade Marks Register” wherein the registration application

shall be recorded under serial numbers according to the deposit dates of the marks, owners’ names,

addresses, description of their goods, products or services and whatever action affecting such marks

as ownership transfer, assignment, permission for use, mortgage or any other amendments.

2. An applicant for a licence shall be given a receipt which shall contain the following

details:-

a) Applicant’s serial number.

b) Applicant’s name.

c) Date and time of deposit.

3. Every interested party shall have access to this Register and obtain a certified copy thereof

after payment of the prescribed fee.

2BArticle 3

Everyone who owns a trade mark and wishes to use it may request its registration in

accordance with the provisions of this Law.

3BArticle 4

The following categories shall have the right to register their trade marks:

1. Every natural or corporate person who owns a factory, a producer, a merchant, a craftsmen

or owner of a service project and has a Bahraini nationality.

2. Foreigners residing in the State and authorised to engage in commercial, industrial or

vocational business activities.

3. Foreigners who are nationals of a country which treats the State of Bahrain on a reciprocal

basis in registering trade marks.

4. Public interests.

4BArticle 5

No trade mark shall be considered as such nor shall it be registered if it has any of the

following descriptions:

1. The mark which is free of any distinctive feature, consisting of signs or details which are

only the customary names that are given by custom and usage to goods, products and services, or

familiar drawings and ordinary pictures of goods and products.

2. Every expression, drawing or sign which is immoral or contrary to public order.

3. Public slogans, flags, military emblems and other insignia belonging to the State, Arab or

international organisations or one of their agencies or belonging to a country that treats the State on

a reciprocal basis or any imitation of such slogans.

4. Signs which are identical to the sign of the Red Cross or the Red Crescent and other signs

that are imitations thereof.

5. Marks identical or similar to symbols of a purely religious nature.

6. Geographical names if their use is likely to cause confusion regarding the source or origin

of the goods, products or services.

7. Name of a third party, surname, photograph or logo, unless he or his heirs agree in advance

to the use thereof.

8. Details of honorary or academic degrees which the applicant for registration does not prove

that he is legally entitled thereto.

9. Marks which are likely to mislead the public, or contain a false indication of source or

origin of the products, services or other descriptions and other marks which contain a false, imitated

or forged commercial name.

10. Marks owned by natural or corporate persons with whom dealing is banned pursuant to a

decision issued in this respect by the Ministry of Commerce and Agriculture.

11. Signs that are identical or similar to a mark previously registered by others for products,

services or signs the registration of which for other products or services may cause diminishing the

value of the products or services distinguished by the previous mark.

5BArticle 6

An application for registering the mark shall be submitted to the Commercial Registry at the

Directorate of Commerce and Companies’ Affairs to register the trade mark on the form designated

for this purpose by the person concerned or whoever acts on his behalf.

6BArticle 7

The application for registration shall contain the following details:

1. Applicant’s name, surname, address, occupation and the commercial name, if any. If the

application has a company, he shall mention its name and address.

2. Applicant’s nationality and residential address.

3. A drawing of the mark required to be registered in the space designated therefor in the

registration form, in addition to eight copies of the mark to be presented on a foolscap sheet of

paper.

4. A non-returnable mark printing block.

5. Details of the goods, products or services required to register the mark therein.

6. Location of the business premises or business venture in which the mark is used or

intended to be used for distinguishing its goods, products or services.

7. The elected domicile in the State of Bahrain to which all the correspondence and

documents relating to the registration should be sent.

8. Signatures of the person concerned or whoever is acting on his behalf. If the applicant is a

company or a society, the document shall be signed by the authorised signatories on its behalf.

9. All the documents and details which the Commercial Registry deems necessary to be

presented to support the application.

7BArticle 8

Any person who registers a trade mark shall be considered the sole owner thereof unless

otherwise proved. It shall be inadmissible to dispute the ownership of a mark if used by the person

who registered it for a period of at least five continuous years from the date of registration without

filing a case against him regarding its validity.

8BArticle 9

Registration of a trade mark may take place for one or more categories of products, goods or

services to be determined by an Order of the Minister for Commerce and Agriculture. Furthermore,

it is not allowed for an application to contain more than one category.

9BArticle 10

A single application may be filed to register a group of identical marks having substantially

similar elements, if their differences relate to elements which do not affect the fundamental features

of such marks such as the mark’s colours, product details or related services, provided that such

products or services belong to the same category.

10BArticle 11

If two persons or more submit an application at the same time to register the same mark or

marks which are similar or identical for one category of products or services, applications shall be

suspended until an assignment is presented and signed by the parties to the dispute and approved by

the relevant authority in favour of either one or until a final judgment is passed in respect of such

dispute.

11BArticle 12

1. The Commercial Registry may impose the necessary restrictions and alterations it deems fit

to determine and clarify the trade mark so that it will not be confused with another mark previously

registered or for any other reason it deems necessary.

2. If the Commercial Registry rejects the registration of a trade mark for some reason or

suspends it due to certain restrictions or alterations, the applicant or whoever is acting on his behalf

shall be notified by a registered letter of the reasons for its decision and details of the facts relating

thereto.

3. In all cases, the Commercial Registry shall decide over the registration application within

thirty days whenever the terms and conditions laid down in this Law and the implementing

regulations issued in this respect are fulfilled.

The lapse of this period without adopting a decision concerning the application shall be

considered as an implicit rejection thereof.

12BArticle 13

1. Every decision adapted by the Commercial Registry with respect to rejection or suspension

of a registration, the applicant may appeal against it within thirty days from the date of notifying

him or the date considered as an implicit rejection by not replying, before a committee to be formed

by an Order of the Minister for Commerce and Agriculture, which shall include in its members a

representative from the Ministry of State for Legal Affairs.

The applicant may challenge the decision before the High Civil Court within sixty days from

the date of notifying him of the Committee’s decision.

2. If the applicant does not challenge the decision within the specified time limits or fails to

carry out the restrictions imposed by the relevant authority within such time limit he shall be

considered to have waived his application.

13BArticle 14

1. If the Commercial Registry accepts the trade mark, it shall publish it in the Official Gazette

together with any alterations that may take place on the mark after registration.

The publication shall contain the following details:

a) Applicant’s name, address and nationality.

b) An identical picture of the mark.

c) Applicant’s serial number.

d) Details of the goods, services or products for which the registration of the mark is

required.

e) Name of the authorised agent in Bahrain.

2. Every interested person shall, within sixty days from the date of publication, submit to the

Commercial Registry a notification letter of his objection to the registration of the mark indicating

the reasons for the objection. The Commercial Registry shall furnish the applicant with a copy of

the notice within thirty days from the date of submission. The applicant shall submit to the

Commercial Registry within thirty days from the date of notifying him a written reply to the said

objection to be referred to the Committee referred to in HUArticle 13UH otherwise the applicant shall be

deemed to have waived his application.

14BArticle 15

1. Before the Committee referred to in HUArticle 13UH adopts a decision regarding the objection

referred thereto, it shall hear the statements of the two parties, or either party, if so requested.

2. The Committee shall adopt a decision for acceptance or rejection of the registration and in

the former case it shall impose the restrictions it deems fit.

3. Every interested party shall be entitled to contest the Committee’s decision before the High

Civil Court within 30 days from the date of giving him notice thereof.

15BArticle 16

1. If a mark is registered the effective date of registration shall be the date of submitting the

application and the owner of the mark shall be given after completing the registration a certificate

which shall include the following details:

a) Mark’s serial number.

b) Date of submitting the application, registration and expiry date of the protection period.

c) Name of the mark’s owner, surname, place of residence and nationality.

d) An identical picture of the mark.

e) Details of the products, goods or services for which the mark is intended to be

registered alongwith the details of its category.

2. The owner of a registered mark has the right to bar third parties from using his mark or

using any similar sign that may mislead the public with regard to similar products or services.

16BArticle 17

The owner of a mark previously registered may submit at any time an application to the

Commercial Registry to make any additions or alterations to his mark which do not affect its

fundamental nature. The Commercial Registry shall issue a resolution in this respect in accordance

with the stipulations laid down for the special resolutions of original registration applications. The

resolution shall be challenged by the same methods.

17BArticle 18

1. The protection period arising from registering the trade mark shall be ten years and the

rightful owner may apply for the continuation of protection for further periods if he submits a

renewal application during the last year according to the terms and conditions set forth in HUArticle 7UH

of this Law.

2. Six months prior to the expiry of the protection period, the Commercial Registry, shall give

a notice to the owner of the mark or whoever is acting on his behalf by a registered letter notifying

him of the expiry date of the mark’s protection period. The notice shall be sent using the form

prescribed for such purpose to the address recorded in the Register, and if 3 months lapse following

the expiry of the protection period and the owner of the mark fails to submit an application for

renewal, the Commercial Registry shall cancel the mark from the Register of its own initiative.

3. The renewal shall take place without any new examination and without any consideration

of any objection from third parties.

18BArticle 19

1. The Commercial Registry and every interested party shall have the right to request a

judgement for striking off the trade mark which was unlawfully registered and the Commercial

Registry shall strike off the registration whenever a final court judgement is presented thereto.

2. The Commercial Registry shall strike off the marks owned by natural or corporate persons

with whom dealing is banned according to a resolution issued in this respect by the Minister for

Commerce and Agriculture.

3. The court shall, upon a request from any concerned party, order the striking off of

registration if it is proved thereto that the mark has not been seriously used for five consecutive

years, unless the owner of the mark presents a justification for not using it.

19BArticle 20

If the registration of a trade mark is struck off, the cancellation shall be published in the

Official Gazette. The publication shall include the following details:

1. Mark’s registration serial number.

2. Owner’s name.

3. Official Gazette number in which the registration was published.

4. Reason and date of striking off.

20BArticle 21

If the registration of a mark is struck off, it shall not be permitted to be re-registered in favour

of third parties for the same products or services or for similar services or products except after the

lapse of three years from the date of striking off.

21BArticle 22

1. It shall not be permitted to transfer the ownership, mortgage or place an attachment over a

trade mark except with the business premises or the exploitation project for which the mark is used

for distinguishing its products or services, unless otherwise agreed.

2. In all cases the transfer of ownership of the trade mark or mortgage thereof shall not be

effective towards third parties except after an entry thereof is made in the Trade Mark Registry and

published in the Official Gazette.

22BArticle 23

1. The ownership transfer of the business premises or the exploitation project shall include the

registered mark in the name of the ownership transfer or may be considered as relating to the

business premises or project unless otherwise agreed.

2. If transfer of ownership of the business premises or the project has been effected without

transferring ownership of the same mark, the owner may continue to manufacture the same products

or to render the same services for which the mark was registered therefor or for trading therein

unless otherwise agreed upon.

23BArticle 24

The owner of the mark may license any natural or corporate person to use it for all or some of

the products or services for which the mark was registered. The owner has the right to license other

persons to use the same mark as well as using it himself, unless otherwise agreed upon. The license

period shall not exceed the period prescribed for the protection of the mark.

24BArticle 25

It shall not be permitted to impose upon the licence’s beneficiary any restrictions arising from

the rights which are vested by the registration of the mark or are unnecessary to maintain such

rights. The license contract may include the following restrictions:

1. Determination of the scope and extent of the area or period of using the mark.

2. Conditions necessitated by the effective control over the quality of products or services.

3. The obligations imposed on the licence’s beneficiary for refraining from any acts that result

in prejudicing the trade mark.

25BArticle 26

1. The licence contract shall be in writing and attested by a competent government authority.

2. The licence shall be registered in the Trade Mark Register. The licence shall have no effect

towards third parties unless after being registered in this Register and published in the Official

Gazette.

26BArticle 27

The licence’s registration shall be struck off upon a request from the mark’s owner or

licence’s beneficiary after presenting proof of the termination or cancellation of the licence

contract.

The Commercial Registry shall notify the other party of the request for striking off the

registration of the licence who may in this case object thereto in accordance with the procedures

and stipulated conditions in HUArticles 13UH and HU15UH of this Law.

27BArticle 28

The Minister for Commerce and Agriculture may permit the registration of a collective mark

for natural or corporate persons responsible for supervising specific products or services, examine

them as regards their source, ingredients, method of manufacture, performance, description or any

other characteristics. Registering such mark shall have all the effects provided for in this Law.

The transfer of a collective mark shall not be permitted except by a special licence issued by

the Minister for Commerce and Agriculture.

28BArticle 29

An order of the Minister for Commerce and Agriculture shall determine the terms and

conditions of registering collective marks and the documents to be presented for registration

thereof.

29BArticle 30

It shall not be permitted to re-register a collective mark by favour of third parties in respect of

identical or similar products, goods or services.

30BArticle 31

Without prejudice to any severe punishment stipulated in another law, a punishment of

imprisonment for a period of no more than a year or a fine of no more than Bahraini Dinars one

hundred shall be inflicted upon:

1. Everyone who forges a mark which has been registered according to the Law, or imitates it

in such a manner that misleads the public or everyone who uses in bad faith a forged or imitated

mark.

2. Everyone who displays in bad faith on his products or uses regarding his services a mark

that is owned by others.

3. Everyone who sells, displays for sale, trades in or possesses with the intent of selling

products by a forged, imitated or displayed mark or used without any right with his knowledge of

such fact and everyone who offers services under this mark.

4. Everyone who uses a mark which has not been registered in the cases provided for in

HUArticle 5 (paragraphs 2-11)UH.

5. Everyone who unlawfully inscribes on his mark or commercial documents anything that

leads to believe that the mark has been registered.

31BArticle 32

In case of recurrence, the perpetrator of the offence shall be liable for a punishment of no

more than double the maximum limit of the prescribed punishment for the crime, closing the

business premises or project for a period of no less than fifteen days and no more than six months

with the publication of the judgement at the expense of the offender in accordance with the

procedures to be determined by an Order of the Minister for Commerce and Agriculture.

In implementing the provisions of this Law, an offender accused of recurrence is considered

as such person who is convicted by a final judgement of imprisonment for a period of six months or

more in offences provided for in the previous Article and then commits another similar offence

before the lapse of five years from the expiry date of such punishment or from the date of its lapse

by prescription.

32BArticle 33

1. The owner of a mark may at any time seek the issue of an order from the competent court

to take the necessary precautionary measures in respect of machines and items used or being used in

committing the offences stipulated in HUArticle 31UH of this Law in addition to the products, goods,

covers, papers and others on which the forged, imitated or used mark was unlawfully displayed with

his knowledge.

2. It shall be allowed to levy a distress upon importing the goods which are subject to the

previous restriction upon their arrival from abroad.

33BArticle 34

The officers designated by the Minister for Commerce and Agriculture shall have the power

to ascertain the implementation of the provisions of this Law and the Ministerial Orders for

implementing it. For this purpose, they shall issue statements to offenders who violate the

provisions of this Law and refer them to the Public Prosecutor.

34BArticle 35

The Minister for Commerce and Agriculture shall issue the implementing Regulations with

respect to the detailed provisions relating to the enforcement of this Law and in particular the

following:

1. Organisation of the control of registering the trade marks and maintaining the records

thereof.

2. Classifying the products, goods and services for registration purposes into categories

regarding their types in accordance with the international classification.

3. Outlining details of the special scale of fees for registration, renewal, altering details,

obtaining extracts of copies, handling certificates and determining the procedures provided for in

this Law whenever necessary. The approval of the Council of Ministers for the determination of

such fees or altering them shall be a must.

35BArticle 36

All provisions relating to trade marks which appeared in the Regulations with respect to

Industrial Patents, Designs and Trade Marks of the year 1955, as amended by Legislative Decree

No.22 of 1977, shall be revoked.

36BArticle 37

The Ministers, each in their respective capacity, shall implement this Law which shall come

into force three months after the date of its publication in the Official Gazette.

Signed: Isa bin Sulman Al Khalifa

Amir of the State of Bahrain

Issued at Rifaa Palace

On: 13th Thilhija, 1411 Hijra

Corresponding to 25th June, 1991 A.D.

This Legislative Decree was published in the Official Gazette, Issue No. 1961, on Wednesday, 26th

June, 1991.


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