10/01/03 – PROTECTION OF COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHTS, LAW NO.
17.616
ARTICLE 1 – The following final paragraph is added to Article 1 of Law No. 9.739 of
December 17, 1937:
“Likewise, and based on the provisions arising from this law, it protects the rights of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations. This protection shall in no way affect the copyright protection of protected works. Consequently, none of the provisions concerning copyright in this law may be interpreted as prejudicing such protection.
ARTICLE 2 – Article 2 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 2 – The intellectual property right in protected works under this law covers the exclusive authority of the author to transfer, reproduce, distribute, publish, translate, adapt, transform, communicate or make available to the public their protected works by any means or process.
The authority to reproduce covers the fixation of the work or production protected by this Law, in any form or by any process, including obtaining copies or electronic storage of the work or production – permanent or temporary – that allows it to be perceived or communicated.
The authority to distribute covers the making available to the public of the original or one or more copies of the work or production through its sale, exchange or other form of
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transfer of ownership, lease, lending, import, export or any other known or unknown form that involves exploitation of the work or production.
The authority to publish covers use of the press, lithography, photocopying and other similar processes; the transcription of improvisations, speeches, readings, etc., even if they are carried out in public, and likewise recitation in public by means of stenography, typewriting and other means.
The authority to translate covers not only translation from languages but also from dialects.
The authority to communicate to the public covers: public performance of dramatic, dramatico-musical, literary and musical works by any means or process, either with the direct participation of performers, or received or generated by mechanical, optical or electronic instruments or processes, or through a sound, audiovisual or other recording; the public projection or exhibition of cinematographic and other audiovisual works; the transmission or retransmission of any works through broadcasting or other means of wireless communication, or by wire, cable, optic fiber or other analogue process that disseminates signs, words, sounds or images over a distance, either through or without subscription or payment; making available, in a location accessible to the public and through any appropriate apparatus, of the work transmitted or retransmitted by radio or television; the public showing of artworks or reproductions of them.
In general, public communication covers any act through which the work is placed within the reach of the public, through any medium (wire or wireless) or process, including the making available of works to the public so that members of the public may access them from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.”
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ARTICLE 3 – Article 5 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 5 – Copyright protection shall extend to expressions but not ideas, processes, methods of operation or mathematic concepts as such.
For the purposes of this law, intellectual, scientific or artistic production covers:
• Musical compositions with or without words in print or on discs, cylinders, wires or films, following any process of printing, recording or perforation, or any other means of reproduction or performance; charts, atlases and geographical maps; all types of writing.
• Booklets.
• Photographs.
• Illustrations.
• Books.
• Professional consultations and forensic writings.
• Theatrical works, of any nature or extent, with or without music.
• Three-dimensional works related to science or education.
• Audiovisual works, including cinematographic works, produced and expressed by any means or process.
• Works of drawing and handicrafts.
• Scientific and technical documents or works.
• Architectural works.
• Paintings.
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• Sculptures.
• Formulas of the physical or natural sciences, provided that they are not protected by special laws.
• Works broadcast by radio or television.
• Teaching texts and resources.
• Recordings.
• Lithography.
• Choreographed works whose arrangement and setting (mise en scène) are prescribed in a written form or by another process.
• Original titles of literary, theatrical or musical works, when they constitute a creation.
• Pantomimes.
• Literary pseudonyms.
• Plans or other graphic or graphical productions, printed by any method.
• Models or creations that have an artistic value in terms of clothing, furnishings, decorations, ornaments, headwear, dress or precious objects, provided that they are not protected by current industrial property legislation.
• Computer programs, whether in source or object code; compilations of data or other material, in any form, which by reason of the selection or arrangement of their contents constitute intellectual creations. This protection does not extend to the data or the material itself and is without prejudice to any copyright subsisting in the data or material contained in the compilation. The expression of ideas,
information and algorithms, formulated in original sequences and ordered in a
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manner appropriate for use as a mechanism for processing information or for automatic control, are protected in the same way.
And, lastly, anything produced in the domain of intelligence.”
ARTICLE 4 – Article 6 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 6 – The rights recognized in this law shall be independent of the ownership of the material medium in which the work is embodied.
The enjoyment and exercise of said rights shall not be subject to any formality or registration; such enjoyment and such exercise shall be independent of the existence of protection in the country of origin of the work.
In order that owners of works and other rights protected by this law shall, in the absence of proof to the contrary, be regarded as such, and consequently be entitled to sue infringers, it shall be sufficient for their name to appear on the work, performance, phonogram or broadcast in the usual manner.”
ARTICLE 5 – Paragraph (D) of Article 7 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“(D) The performer of a literary or musical work, over his performance; the producer of phonograms, over his phonogram; and broadcasting organizations, over their broadcasts.”
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ARTICLE 6 – Article 9 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 9 – In the event of resale of three-dimensional works of art or sculptures by public auction, in a commercial establishment or through an agent or dealer, the author, or on his death his heirs or legatees – until the work passes into the public domain – shall have the inalienable and unrenounceable right to collect three per cent of the resale price from the seller. The auctioneers, dealers or agents who are
involved in the resale shall act as withholding agents of the author’s resale right in the price of the resold work and shall be required to submit the said amount to the author or the corresponding management society within thirty days following the auction or negotiation. Failure by the auctioneer, dealer or agent to fulfill this obligation shall make them jointly and severally liable for payment of the amount.
ARTICLE 7 – The protection period is increased from 40 years, as established in
Articles 14, 15 and 40 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937, to 50 years.
Works and related rights protected under this law that enter into the public domain before the term of protection provided for in this Law has passed shall automatically return to the private domain, without prejudice to rights acquired by third parties to reproduce those works and related rights during the period in which they were in the public domain. The period in which the works referred to in the previous paragraph were in the public domain shall not be deducted from the 50 years.
This Article shall apply as appropriate to performers.
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ARTICLE 8 – Article 17 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 17 – In anonymous and pseudonymous works, there shall be a period of
50 years from when the work was lawfully made accessible to the public, except if
the author reveals his identity before that period elapses. In such a case, the provision in Article 14 of this Law shall apply.
In collective works, economic rights shall lapse 50 years after their first publication or, failing that, their duly authorized making or disclosure.
The time periods established in Articles 14 ff. shall be calculated from January 1 of the year following the author’s death or, if applicable, that of the duly authorized making, disclosure or publication.”
ARTICLE 9 – Article 18 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 18 – The recognized economic rights of producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations shall be for 50 years starting from:
(A) January 1 of the year following that of publication, in the case of phonograms and recorded performances.
(B) January 1 of the year following that in which the performance took place, in the case of non-recorded performances.
(C) January 1 of the year following that in which the broadcast took place, in the case of broadcasts.”
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ARTICLE 10 – Article 29 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937, as amended by Article 1 of Law No. 9.769 of February 25, 1938, is replaced by the following: “ARTICLE 29 – Contributors, by virtue of the right granted by Article 26, may publish, translate or reproduce the work, on the sole condition that they respect the proportional usefulness for others.
In the absence of proof to the contrary, it is presumed that audiovisual works have coauthors: the director or producer, the writer, the screenplay writer, the script and dialogue writer, the composer, if any, and the animator in the case of animations. Unless otherwise agreed, it is presumed that the authors of the audiovisual work have assigned their economic rights exclusively to the producer, who furthermore retains
ownership of the right to change or alter it, as well as being authorized to make decisions concerning its disclosure.
Unless otherwise agreed, the right of authors of musical works or composers to receive remuneration upon the public communication of the audiovisual work, including public showings of cinematographic films, as well as the rent and sale of promotional materials, is safeguarded.
Unless otherwise specified, the producer may defend the moral rights in the audiovisual work, without prejudice to the right of the authors.
Unless otherwise agreed, it is presumed that the producer of the audiovisual work is the natural person or legal entity credited as such on the work in the usual manner.
Unless otherwise agreed, it is presumed that the authors of the creations referred to in the paragraph on computer programs and databases in Article 5 of this Law have assigned the economic rights in those programs and databases to the producer, in an unlimited and
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exclusive manner, which implies authorization to make decisions regarding their disclosure and to exercise the moral rights therein.
Unless otherwise agreed, authors may not oppose the producer’s making or authorizing of changes or successive versions of such creations.
Unless otherwise agreed, when the creations referred to in the paragraph on computer programs and databases in Article 5 of this Law have been produced within employment relations, whether public or private, whose complete or partial objective was of a similar nature to said creations, it is presumed that the author has assigned, in an unlimited and exclusive manner, the economic rights and exercise of the moral rights to the employer or the person commissioning the work.”
ARTICLE 11 – The title of Chapter VII of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“The rights of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations.”
ARTICLE 12 – Article 39 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 39 – Exclusive rights of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations:
(A) Performers shall have the exclusive right to authorize: the reproduction of their performances fixed in phonograms, by any process and in any format; the making available to the public of the original and copies of their performances fixed in phonograms through sale or other transfer of ownership; and the commercial leasing to
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the public of the original and copies of their performances fixed in phonograms, either by wire or wireless means, in such a way that members of the public may access them from
a place and at a time individually chosen by them.
Likewise, they enjoy the right to authorize: the broadcasting and communication to the public of their unfixed performances, except where the performance is already a broadcast performance; and the fixation of their unfixed performances.
(B) Right of producers of phonograms.
Producers of phonograms shall enjoy the exclusive right to authorize: the reproduction of their phonograms, in any manner or form; the making available to the public of the original and copies of their phonograms through sale or other transfer of ownership; commercial rental to the public of the original and copies of their phonograms, even after distribution of them by or pursuant to authorization by the producer; and the making available to the public of their phonograms by wire or wireless means, in such a way that members of the public may access them from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.
(C) Broadcasting organizations shall have the exclusive right to authorize: the rebroadcasting of their broadcasts, live or prerecorded, by any known or unknown means or process; the making available to the public of their broadcasts, by wire or wireless means, in such a way that members of the public may access them from a place and at a time individually chosen by them; the fixation in any form, audio or audiovisual, of their broadcasts, including of any individual image disseminated in the broadcast; and the reproduction of their broadcasts.
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Likewise, broadcasting organizations shall have the right to obtain equitable remuneration for the public communication of their broadcasts, where it occurs in places to which the public has access on payment of an admission or entry charge. It is lawful for a broadcasting organization to make ephemeral recordings with their own facilities and for use once only, in their own broadcasts, of a work in respect of which they have the right to broadcast, without the author’s permission or payment of special remuneration. Such a recording shall be destroyed within three months, unless a longer period has been agreed with the author. However, such a recording may be preserved in official archives, also without the author’s permission, where it possesses exceptional documentary character.
(D) Joint provision for performers and producers of phonograms.
Performers and producers of phonograms shall enjoy the right to single equitable remuneration for the direct or indirect use in broadcast or any communication to the public of phonograms published for commercial purposes. In such cases, the provision contained in Article 36 does not apply.
The user shall be called on to provide such remuneration by either the performers or producers of phonograms or by the collective management society to which the collection of such remuneration has been assigned.”
ARTICLE 13 – Subsection (1) of paragraph (A) of Article 44 of Law No. 9.739 of
December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“1. The printing, fixation, reproduction, distribution, communication or making available to the public of a work without the consent of the author.”
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ARTICLE 14 – Subsection (1) of paragraph (B) of Article 44 of Law No. 9.739 of
December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“1. The representation, performance or reproduction of works in any form or by any means, in public theaters or places, without permission from the author or his successors in title.
For the purposes of this Law, it is understood that everything taking place outside of the home is in a public place.
However, representations or performances carried out in strictly family gatherings outside of the home shall not be considered unlawful when the following requirements are met:
(I) The gathering is not for profit-making purposes.
(II) It does not use a discotheque, audio or other service, and live artists do not take part.
(III) Only domestic (non-professional) musical equipment is used.
As part of the capacities recognized by this Law, collective management societies may verify if the above-mentioned requirements have been met.
Representations or performances that take place in public or private educational institutions and in places of religious worship shall not be considered unlawful either, provided they are not for profit-making purposes.”
ARTICLE 15 – Article 46 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
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“ARTICLE 46 – Anyone who publishes, sells, reproduces or has reproduced – completely or partially – by any means or instrument; distributes; stores with the intention of distributing to the public; or makes available to the public by any means or process, in order to make a profit or unreasonably prejudice a published or unpublished work, performance, phonogram or broadcast without written authorization from their respective owners or successors in title for any reason, or attributes it to themselves or someone other than the respective owner, contravening in any way the provisions of this Law, shall be punished with a prison sentence of between three months and three years.
(B) Anyone who makes, imports, sells, rents or places in circulation in any other manner, devices or products, or their components or tools, or offers any service that impedes, circumvents, eliminates, deactivates or evades in any way the technical provisions that holders have provided to protect their respective rights shall be subject to the same punishment.
(C) In addition to the sanctions mentioned, as part of the conviction the court shall order the confiscation and destruction, or provide another means of removing the copies of works or productions and their infringing packaging or wrappers, as well as all the articles, devices or equipment used to produce them. In such cases where the equipment used for the unlawful activities is not solely designed for such a purpose, the judge shall replace its destruction with its delivery to official educational institutions.
(D) Anyone who alters or deletes, without authorization from the owner of the rights protected by this Law, electronic information distributed by the owners of the copyright or related rights to allow the management of their economic or moral rights, in such a way that could prejudice those rights, shall be punished with a prison sentence of
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between three months and three years. The same punishment shall apply to anyone who distributes, imports for the purposes of distribution, broadcasts or communicates to the public, without permission, copies of works, performances or phonograms, knowing that the electronic information collected by the owners of the copyright or related rights has been deleted or altered without permission.
(E) Anyone who reproduces or has reproduced, by any means or process, not for profit- making purposes or to prejudice unreasonably a work, performance, phonogram or broadcast, without the written permission of its respective owner, shall be punished with a fine of between 10 UR (ten readjustable units) and 1,500 UR (one thousand five hundred readjustable units).”
ARTICLE 16 – Article 47 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 47 – As a preparatory measure, owners of the rights protected under this Law may request a judicial inspection in order to ascertain which actions constitute infringements under this Law.
The judge may order a search of the property or location reported to be where the infringement is being committed, drafting a statement describing the facts ascertained and selecting, as far as possible, which of them have probative value.
The inspection ordered by the judge shall not require a bond for costs.
The judicial inspection shall be confidential and shall be ordered without notifying the person against whom it is requested.”
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ARTICLE 17 – Article 48 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 48 – The judge, at the request of the owner of the respective right or of his representative, or collective management societies, may stipulate the use of the precautionary measures needed to avoid the infringement being committed, or the continuation or repetition of a previous violation of the exclusive rights of the owner, in particular, the following:
(1) The immediate suspension of unlawful manufacturing, reproduction, distribution, communication or import, as appropriate.
(2) The confiscation of the copies produced or used and of the material or equipment used for the infringing activity.
(3) The seizure of the income earned through the unlawful activity or, if appropriate, of the amounts owed in respect of remuneration.”
ARTICLE 18 – Article 51 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 51 – The injured party, the author or his successor in title may take civil action to put a stop to the unlawful activity and obtain compensation for damage and harm, and a fine of up to ten times the value of the infringed product.
A subrogatory action shall be used in all cases, in accordance with Article 1295 of the
Civil Code.”
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ARTICLE 19 – Article 53 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 53 – The National Library shall hold a Copyright Register in which
interested parties may enter the works and other intellectual property protected under this
Law.
Entry in the Register mentioned in this Article is merely optional; consequently, non- registration does not prejudice in any way the enjoyment and exercise of the rights recognized under this Law.
The request, collection, processing, registration and assignment of publications shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant regulations. Any disputes arising as a result of entry in the Register shall be resolved by the Copyright Council.”
ARTICLE 20 – Article 58 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 58 – The associations established or being established to defend and manage the economic rights recognized under this Law require, in their capacity as such, express authorization from the Government, in accordance with this Law and the implementing decree.
Such associations that call themselves collective management bodies must be non-profit civil associations, have legal personality and their own assets, and may not undertake any activity of a political or religious nature.
The Government, on receipt of the mandatory opinion of the Copyright Council, taking into account the requirements included in this Law, shall determine which societies shall
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undertake collective management for the purposes of representing the owners of works, editions, productions, performances and broadcasts. The collective management societies may subject to agreement join together in their representation, in order to act jointly towards users or to create a collecting agency with legal personality.
The copyright holders, performers and producers of phonograms that they represent shall enter into contracts with broadcasting companies, or their representative associations, on the broadcast of their works, performances or phonograms. If the parties do not reach an agreement on tariffs, either may request the Copyright Council to set up an Arbitration Tribunal, within 20 days of its communication. The Arbitration Tribunal shall deliver its verdict within the strict time limit of 45 working days from its inception. Should the dispute be resolved in the meantime, authorization for broadcasting the repertoire shall be understood as granted, provided that the previous tariff continues to be paid and without prejudice to the obligation to pay the differences that may result from the arbitration procedure. The implementing decree shall establish the form that the Arbitration
Tribunal will take, and the procedures relating to the arbitration.”
ARTICLE 21 – Collective management societies are required to:
(1) distribute remuneration collected within one year and on the basis of its distribution rules, the only deduction being for administrative costs for infrastructure in keeping with its function and for management, and an additional deduction exclusively for social and welfare activities or services to benefit its associates.
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(2) present, for approval by the Copyright Council, the percentages approved by the Ordinary General Assembly related to administrative discounts, management costs and expenses for social and welfare activities, including, as necessary, reimbursements of costs from those who occupy posts in the Executive Committee.
(3) communicate periodically, to their associates, information related to the activities of the society that may have a bearing on the exercise of their rights, containing, as a minimum, the society’s balance sheets, the audit report and the text of resolutions adopted by its governing bodies that directly influence the management of its duties. This information must be sent to foreign societies with which they hold representation contracts for the national territory, except when those contracts exempt them from such an obligation.
(4) submit the balance sheets and accounting documentation for examination by an external auditor appointed by the Assembly held in the preceding year or in the year of its establishment, and whose report must be part of the collection at the disposal of the members, without prejudice to the examination and report of internal oversight bodies, in accordance with the statutes.
(5) set fair and equitable tariffs that determine the required remuneration for use of their repertoire, whether for national or foreign owners resident or not in the Republic, and keeping such tariffs available to the public.
(6) apply distribution systems that exclude an arbitrary approach under the principle of equitable sharing between rights holders, in a manner actually proportional to the use of the works, performances or productions, as appropriate.
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ARTICLE 22 – Collective management societies may not retain, for longer than two years, funds whose owners or beneficiaries could not be identified.
After said period, such funds shall be distributed between the national and foreign owners represented by the society, in proportion with the sums that they would have received for the use of their works or performances, as appropriate.
ARTICLE 23 – For the purposes of the oversight and supervisory system provided for in this Law, the Government and the Copyright Council may request any type of
information from the collective management societies, as well as order inspections or audits thereof.
ARTICLE 24 – Collective management societies are authorized, in the terms of their own statutes, to exercise the rights conferred on their administration, for both national and foreign owners, and to enforce them in any type of administrative or judicial proceedings, retaining for that purpose the broadest faculties of legal representation, including abandonment and settlement.
Such societies shall be required to confirm in writing that the administration of the rights that the holders of such rights claim to exercise has been entrusted to them.
Such authorization and representation are without prejudice to the faculty of the author, performer, producer of phonograms and broadcasting organization, or their successors or successors in title, to exercise directly the rights accorded to them by this Law.
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ARTICLE 25 – Article 63 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is replaced by the following:
“ARTICLE 63 (Border measures) – When the National Directorate of Customs or the holders of the rights protected under this Law have valid reasons for suspecting the carrying out or preparation of the import into the national territory of merchandise that, in accordance with the terms of the applicable legislation, has been manufactured,
distributed or imported, or is intended to be distributed without the permission of the intellectual property right holder, they may request, before the competent federal court, special oversight measures to be made available for such merchandise, preventative seizure, or precautionary suspension of the relevant customs dispatch. They must present all the legal elements that give merit to the suspicion, and shall be obliged to decide on such measures within a twenty-four-hour period without any other processes or need for a bond for costs.
The judge may order the measures requested, in which case, once carried out, they shall be communicated to the interested parties. If ten working days pass from notification to the holder of the right or his representative, authorization shall not be given to initiate corresponding civil or criminal actions and the preventative measures shall be null and void, thereby providing for the dispatch of the merchandise, without prejudice to the responsibilities incurred by the instigator of the measures.”
Article 26 – Article 49 of Law No. 9.739 of December 17, 1937 is revoked.
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Article 27- Decree-Law No. 15.289 of June 14, 1982 is revoked. This 1ega1 text shall not Ье app1ied to 1itigation in process that app1ies said Decree-Law, rather said 1itigation shall continue to Ье subject to Decree-Law No. 15.289 of June 14, 1982.
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ARTiCULO 1°.· Agгegase е/ siguiente раггаfо final а/ artfculo 1 о de /а Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937:
"Asimismo, у en base а las disposiciones que surgen de esta /еу, pгotege /os deгechos de los artistas, inteгpгetes у ejecutantes, productoгes de fonogгamas у oгganismos de гadiodifusiбn. Esta pгotecciбn no afectaгa en modo alguno la tutela de/ deгecho de autoг sоЬге las оЬгаs pгotegidas. En consecuencia, ninguna de las disposiciones contenidas а favoг de los mismos en esta ley роdга inteгpгetaгse en menoscabo de esa pгotecciбn".
ARTiCULO 2°.·Sustituyese е/ aгtfculo 2о de /а Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguiente:
"ARTICULO 2°.- El deгecho de pгopiedad intelectua/ sоЬге /as оЬгаs protegidas en esta ley compгende la facultad exc/usiva del autoг de enajenaг, гергоduсiг, distгibuiг, рuЬ/iсаг, tгaduciг, adaptaг, tгansfoгmaг, comunicaг о роnег а disposiciбn de/ puЬ/ico las mismas, en cualquieг foгma о pгocedimiento.
La facultad de гергоduсiг compгende /а fijaciбn de /а оЬга о pгoducciбn pгotegida рог /а pгesente ley, en
cualquieг foгma о рог cualquieг pгocedimiento, incluyendo /а oьtenciбn de copias, su almacenamiento electгбnico -sea peгmanente о tempoгaгio-, que posiЫiite su регсерсiбn о comunicaciбn.
La facultad de distгibuiг compгende la puesta а disposiciбn del puЫico del oгiginal о una о mas copias de la оЬга о pгoducciбn, mediante su venta, peгmuta u оtга foгma de tгansmisiбn de /а propiedad, aггendamiento, pгestamo, importaciбn, exportaciбn о cualquieг оtга forma conocida о рог conoceгse, que implique la explotaciбn detas mismas.
La facu/tad de рuЬ/iсаг compгende el uso de /а pгensa, de /а /itogгaffa, de/ polfgгafo у otгos pгocedimientos similaгes; la tгanscгipciбn de impгovisaciones, discuгsos, lectuгas, etceteгa, aunque sean efectuados en puЬ/ico, у asimismo la гecitaciбn en puЬ/ico, mediante la estenogгaffa, dactilogгaffa у otгos medios.
La facultad de tгaduciг compгende, no sбlo /а tгaducciбn de /enguas sino tamЫen de dialectos.
La facultad de comunicaг al puЬ/ico compгende: /а гepгesentaciбn у la ejecuciбn puЬ/ica de /as оЬгаs dгamaticas, dгamatico-musicales, liteгaгias у musica/es, рог cua/quieг medio о pгocedimiento, sea con /а participaciбn diгecta de inteгpгetes о ejecutantes, о гeciЫdos о geneгados рог instгumentos о pгocesos mecanicos, бpticos о electгбnicos, о а partiг de una gгabaciбn sonoгa о audiovisual, u оtга fuente; la pгoyecci6n о exhiЫciбn puЬ/ica de las оЬгаs cinematogгaficas у demas оЬгаs audiovisuales; /а tгansmisiбn о гetгansmisiбn de cua/esquieгa оЬгаs рог гadiodifusiбn u оtго medio de comunicaciбn inalambгico, о рог hi/o, саЬ/е, fibгa бptica u оtго procedimiento analogo que siгva рага /а difusiбn а distancia de los signos, /as palabгas, los sonidos о las imagenes, sea о no mediante suscгipciбn о pago;
/а puesta а disposiciбn, en lugaг accesiЬ/e а/ puЬ/ico у mediante cualquieг instгumento idбneo, de /а оЬга tгansmitida о гetгansmitida рог гadio о televisiбn; /а exposiciбn puЫica de las оЬгаs de arte о sus гepгoducciones.
En geneгal, /а comunicaciбn puЬ/ica compгende, todo acto mediante el cual la оЬга se pone а/ alcance del puЫico, рог cualquieг medio (a/ambгico о inalambгico) о pгocedimiento, incluyendo /а puesta а disposiciбn del puЬ/ico de /as оЬгаs, de tal foгma que los miembгos del puЬ/ico puedan ассеdег а estas оЬгаs desde e/lugaг у en el momento que cada uno de el/os elija".
ARTfCULO 3°.- Sustituyese е/ artfculo 5° de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог е/
siguiente:
"ARТICULO 5°.- La pгotecciбn del deгecho de autoг аЬагсага /as expгesiones рего no las ideas, pгocedimientos, metodos de орегасiбn о conceptos matematicos en sf.
А /os efectos de esta ley, /а pгoducciбn intelectua/, cientffica о artfstica compгende:
-Composiciones musicales con о sin palabгas impгesas о en discos, cilindгos, alambгes о pelfculas, siguiendo cualquieг pгocedimiento de impгesiбn, gгabaciбn о perfoгaciбn, о cua/quieг оtго medio de гepгoducciбn о ejecuci6n: cartas, atlas у mapas geogгaficos; escгitos de toda naturaleza.
-Folletos.
-Fotogгaffas.
-1/ustгaciones.
-Libгos.
-Consultas pгofesionales у escгitos foгenses.
-ОЬгаs de aгquitectura.
-ОЬгаs de pintura.
-ОЬгаs de escultura.
Fбгmulas de las ciencias exactas, ffsicas о naturales, siempгe que no estuvieгen ampaгadas рог leyes especiales.
-ОЬгаs гadiodifundidas у televisadas.
-Textos у apaгatos de ensefianza.
-Gгabados.
-Litogгafia.
-ОЬгаs coгeogгaficas cuyo аггеglо о disposiciбn escenica "mise en scene" este deteгminada en foгma escгita о рог оtго pгocedimiento.
-Tftulos oгiginales de оЬгаs liteгaгias, teatгales о musicales, cuando los mismos constituyen una сгеасiбn.
-Pantomimas.
-Pseudбnimos liteгaгios.
-Pianos u otгas pгoducciones gгaficas о estadigгaficas, cualesquieгa sea el metodo de impгesiбn.
-Modelos о cгeaciones que tengan un valoг artfstico en mateгia de vestuaгio, moЬiliaгio, decoгado, ornamentaciбn, tocado, galas u objetos pгeciosos, siempгe que no estuvieгen ampaгados рог la legislaciбn vigente sоЬге pгopiedad industгial.
-Pгogгamas de oгdenadoг, sean pгogгamas fuente о pгogгamas objeto; las compilaciones de datos о de otгos mateгiales, en cualquieг foгma, que рог гazones de la selecciбn о disposiciбn de sus contenidos constituyan cгeaciones de сагасtег iпtelectual. Esta р(оtессiбп по аЬагса los datos о mateгiales en--sf mismos у se entiende sin peгjuicio de cualquieг deгecho de autoг que subsista гespecto de los datos о mateгiales contenidos en la compilaciбn. La expгesiбn de ideas, infoгmaciones у algoгitmos, en tanto fueгe foгmulada en secuencias oгiginales oгdenadas en foгma apгopiada рага sег usada рог un dispositivo de pгocesamiento de infoгmaciбn о de contгol automatico, se protege en igual foгma.
У, en fin, toda pгoducciбn del dominio de la inteligencia".
ARTfCULO 4°.- Sustituyese el artfculo 6° de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguiente:
"ARTiCULO 6°.- Los deгechos гeconocidos en esta ley son independientes de la propiedad del objeto mateгial en el cual esta incoгpoгada la оЬга.
El goce у ejeгcicio de dichos deгechos no estaгan suboгdinados а ninguna foгmalidad о гegistгo у ambos son independientes de la existencia de pгotecciбn en el pafs de oгigen de la оЬга.
Рага que los titulaгes de las оЬгаs у demas deгechos pгotegidos рог la pгesente ley sean, salvo ргuеЬа en contгaгio, consideгados como tales у admitidos en consecuencia ante las autoгidades administгativas о judiciales, рага demandaг а los infгactoгes, bastaгa que su nombгe арагеzса estampado en la оЬга, inteгpгetaciбn, fonogгama о emisiбn en la foгma usual".
ARTfCULO 5°.- Sustituyese elliteгal D) del artfculo 7° de la Ley No 9.739, de
17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguiente:
"D) El artista inteгpгete о ejecutante de una оЬга liteгaгia о musical, sоЬге su inteгpгetaciбn о ejecuciбn;
el pгoductoг de fonogгamas, sоЬге su fonogгama; у oгganismo de гadiodifusiбn sоЬге sus emisiones",
ARTfCULO 6°.- Sustituyese el artfculo 9° de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguiente:
"ARTiCULO 9°.- En caso de гeventa de оЬгаs de arte plasticas о escultбгicas efectuadas en puЫica subasta, en estaЫecimiento comeгcial о con la intervenciбn de un agente о comeгciante, el autoг, у а su muerte los heгedeгos о legataгios -hasta el momento en que la оЬга pase al dominio puЫico-, gozan del deгecho inalienaЫe е iггenunciaЫe de регсiЬiг del vendedoг un 3% (tгes рог ciento) del ргесiо de la гeventa. Los subastadoгes, comeгciantes о agentes que intervengan en la гeventa, seгan agentes de гetenci6n del deгecho de participaciбn del autoг en el ргесiо de !а оЬга гevendida у estaгan oЬiigados а entгegaг dicho importe, en el plazo de tгeinta dfas siguientes а la subasta о negociaciбn, а! autoг о а la entidad de gestiбn coггespondiente. El incumplimiento de !а oЫigaciбn que se estaЫece, рог parte del гematadoг, comeгciante о agente, lo hага гesponsaЫe solidaгiamente del pago del гefeгido monto".
las гepгoducciones de esas оЬгаs у deгechos conexos durante el lapso en que las mismas estuvieгon bajo el dominio puЫico. El lapso durante el cual las оЬгаs а que se геfiеге el раггаfо anteгioг huЬieгan estado en el dominio puЫico, no sега descontado de los cincuenta afios.
Este artfculo se aplicaгa en lo pertinente а los aгtistas, inteгpгetes о ejecutantes.
ARTJCULO 8°.- SustitUyese el artfculo 17 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguiente: "ARTiCULO 17.- En las оЬгаs anбnimas у seudбnimas, el plazo de duraciбn sега de cincuenta afios а partiг de que la оЬга haya sido lfcitamente hecha accesiЫe al puЫico, salvo que antes de cumplido dicho lapso el autoг гevele su identidad, en cuyo caso se aplicaгa lo dispuesto en el artfculo 14 de la pгesente ley.
En las оЬгаs colectivas el deгecho patгimonial se extingue а los cincuenta afios de su ргimега
puЫicaciбn о, en su defecto, а рагtiг de su гealizaciбn о divulgaciбn deЬidamente autoгizada.
Los plazos estaЫecidos en los artfculos 14 у siguientes, se calculaгan desde el dfa 1о de еnего del afio siguiente al de la muerte del autoг о, en su caso, al de la гealizaciбn, divulgaciбn о puЫicaciбn deЬidamente autoгizada".
ARTJCULO 9°.- Sustituyese el artfculo 18 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguiente:
"ARTiCULO 18°.- Los deгechos patгimoniales гeconocidos а favoг de productoгes de fonogгamas у oгganismos de гadiodifusiбn seгan de cincuenta afios а partiг:
А) ·ое1·1 о dEГёnef6 deГafio ·srgulente al de la puЫicaci6n-; ·en 1ь que геfiеге а los fon·ogгamas у а Jа г
inteгpгetaciones о ejecuciones gгabadas.
В) Del 1о de еnего del afio siguiente en que se haya гealizado la actuaciбn, en lo que se геfiеге а las inteгpгetaciones que no esten gгabadas.
С) Del 1 о de еnего del afio siguiente en que se haya гealizado la emisiбn, en lo que se геfiеге а las emisiones de гadiodifusiбn".
ARTJCULO 10°.- Sustituyese el artfculo 29 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, en la гedacciбn dada рог el artfculo 1о de la Ley No 9 .769, de 25 de fеЬгего de 1938, рог el siguiente: "ARTICULO 29°.- Los colaboгadoгes, en uso del deгecho que consagгa el artfculo 26, pueden рuЫiсаг, tгaduciг о гергоduсiг la оЬга, sin mas condiciбn que la de геsреtаг la utilidad pгopoгcional coггespondiente а los demas.
Cuando se tгate de una оЬга audiovisual se pгesumen coautoгes, salvo ргuеЬа en contгaгio: el diгectoг о гealizadoг, el autoг del aгgumento, el autoг de la adaptaciбn, el autoг del guiбn у dialogos, el compositoг si lo huЬieгe, у el dibujante en caso de disefios animados.
Se presume, salvo pacto en contгaгio, que los autoгes de la оЬга audiovisual han cedido sus deгechos patгimoniales en foгma exclusiva al pгoductoг, quien ademas queda investido de la titulaгidad del deгecho а modificaгla о alteгaгla, asf como autoгizado а decidiг асегса de su divulgaciбn.
Queda а salvo el deгecho de los autoгes de las оЬгаs musicales о compositoгes а гесiЬiг una
гemuneraci6n sоЬге la comunicaciбn publica de la оЬга audiovisual, incluida la exhiЬiciбn publica de pelfculas cinematogгaficas, asf como el aггendamiento у la venta de los soportes mateгiales, salvo pacto en contrario.
Sin peгjuicio del deгecho de los autoгes, el pгoductoг puede, salvo estipulaciбn en contгaгio, defendeг los deгechos moгales sоЬге la оЬга audiovisual.
Se pгesume, salvo pacto en contгaгio, que es pгoductoг de la оЬга audiovisual, la peгsona ffsica о juгfdica que арагеzса acгeditada como tal en la оЬга en foгma usual.
Se pгesume, salvo pacto en contгaгio, que los autoгes de las cгeaciones а que геfiеге el inciso sоЬге pгogгamas de oгdenadoг у bases de datos del artfculo 5° de la pгesente ley han cedido al pгoductoг en foгma ilimitada у exclusiva, los deгechos patгimoniales sоЬге las mismas, lo que implica la autoгizaciбn рага decidiг sоЬге su divulgaciбn у рага еjегсег los deгechos moгales sоЬге la misma.
Los autoгes, salvo pacto en contгaгio, no pueden oponeгse а que el productoг гealice о autoгice la гealizaciбn de modificaciones о veгsiones sucesivas de tales cгeaciones.
Cuando las cгeaciones а que геfiеге el inciso sоЬге pгogгamas de oгdenadoг у bases de datos de/ artfculo 5° de la pгesente ley, hayan sido гealizadas en е/ mагсо de una гelaciбn de tгabajo, sea puЬ!ica о pгivada, сцуо objeto total о paгcial tenga una natuгaleza similaг а la de dichas cгeaciones, se pгesume que el autoг ha autoгizado al empleadoг о comitente, en foгma ilimitada у exclusiva, los deгechos
patгimoпiales asf como el ejeгcicio de los deгechos moгales, salvo pacto en contгaгio".
ARTJCULO 12°.- Sustituyese el artfculo 39 de !а Ley No 9.739, de 17 diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguieпte: "ARTiCULO 39°.- Deгechos exclusivos de los artistas iпteгpгetes о ejecutaпtes; productoгes de foпogгamas у oгgaпismos de гadiodifusi6п:
А) Los artistas iпteгpгetes у ejecutaпtes tiепеп el deгecho exclusivo de autoгizaг: la гергоduссi6п de sus
iпteгpгetacioпes у ejecucioпes fijadas еп foпogгamas, рог cualquieг pгocedimieпto о bajo cualquieг foгma; la puesta а disposici6п del puЫico del oгigiпal у de los ejemplaгes de sus iпteгpгetacioпes о ejecucioпes fijadas еп foпogгamas, mediaпte veпta u оtга tгапsfегепсiа de pгopiedad; el аггепdаmiепtо comeгcial al puЫico del oгigiпal у de los ejemplaгes de sus iпteгpгetacioпes о ejecucioпes fijadas еп foпogгamas; la puesta а disposici6п del puЫico de sus iпteгpгetacioпes о ejecucioпes fijadas еп foпogгamas, уа sea рог hilo о рог medios iпalambгicos de tal mапега que los miembгos del puЫico puedaп tепег acceso а ellas desde ellugaг у еп el momeпto que cada uпо de ellos elija.
Asimismo, gozaп del deгecho de autoгizaг: la гadiodifusi6п у la comuпicaci6п al puЫico de sus
iпteгpгetacioпes о ejecucioпes по fijadas, excepto cuaпdo la iпtегргеtасi6п о ejecuci6п coпstituya рог sf misma uпа ejecuci6п о iпtегргеtасi6п гadiodifuпdida; у la fijaci6п de sus ejecucioпes о iпteгpгetacioпes по fijadas.
В) Deгecho de los pгoductoгes de foпogгamas.
Los pгoductoгes de foпogгamas gоzагап del deгecho exclusivo de autoгizaг: la гергоduссi6п de sus foпogгamas, рог cualquieг pгocedimieпto о bajo cualquieг foгma; la puesta а disposici6п del puЬiico del oгigiпal у de los ejemplaгes de sus foпogгamas mediaпte veпta u оtга tгапsfегепсiа de pгopiedad; el аггепdаmiепtо comeгcial al puЫico del oгigiпal у de los ejemplaгes de sus foпogгamas iпcluso despues
·de s·u distгibuci6п гealizada poreflo-s rhismos о соп su autoгizaci6п; ia puestcr а dlsposici6п del puЫico de
sus foпogгamas уа sea рог hilo о рог medios iпalambгicos, de tal mапега que los miembгos del puЫico puedaп tепег acceso а ellos desde ellugaг у еп el momeпto que cada uпо de ellos elija.
С) Los oгgaпismos de гadiodifusi6п tiепеп el deгecho exclusivo de autoгizaг: la гetгaпsmisi6п de sus
emisioпes, diгecta о еп difeгido, рог cualquieг medio о pгocedimieпto coпocido о рог сопосегsе; la puesta а disposici6п del puЫico de sus emisioпes, уа sea рог hilo о medios iпalambгicos de tal mапега que los miembгos del puЫico puedaп tепег acceso а ellas desde el lugaг у еп el momeпto que cada uпо de ellos elija. La fijaci6п еп cualquieг soporte, sопого о audiovisual, de sus emisioпes, iпcluso la de alguпa imageп aislada difuпdida еп la emisi6п о tгaпsmisi6п; la гергоduссi6п de sus emisioпes.
Asimismo los oгgaпismos de гadiodifusi6п tепdгап deгecho а оЬlепег uпа геmuпегасiбп equitativa рог !а comuпicaci6п puЫica de sus emisioпes о tгaпsmisioпes de гadiodifusi6п, cuaпdo se efectue еп lugaгes а los que el puЫico acceda mediaпte el pago de uп deгecho de admisi6п о епtгаdа. Es lfcito que uп oгgaпismo de гadiodifusi6n, siп autoгizaci6п del autoг, пi pago de uпа гemuпeгaci6n especial, гealice gгabacioпes effmeгas соп sus pгopios equipos у рага la utilizaci6п рага uпа sola vez, еп sus pгopias emisiones de гadiodifusi6п, de uпа оЬга sоЬге la cual teпga el deгecho de гadiodifuпdiг. Dicha gгаЬасi6п dеЬега sег destгuida еп un plazo de tгes meses, а meпos que se haya coпveпido соп е! autoг uпо mауог. Siп embaгgo, tal gгаЬасi6п роdга coпservaгse еп aгchivos oficiales, tаmЫеп siп autoгizaci6п del autoг, cuando la misma teпga un сагасtег documeпtal excepcioпal.
D) Disposici6п comuп рага los artistas iпteгpгetes у ejecutaпtes у los productoгes de foпogгamas.
Los artistas iпteгpгetes у ejecutaпtes у los pгoductoгes de foпogгamas gоzагап del deгecho а uпа геmuпегасiбп equitativa у uпica рог la utilizaci6п diгecta о iпdiгecta рага la гadiodifusi6n о рага cualquieг comuпicaci6п al puЫico de los foпogгamas puЫicados соп fiпes comeгciales. Еп tal caso, по гesulta de aplicaci6n la disposici6п coпteпida еп el artfculo 36.
Dicha гemuпeгaci6n sега гeclamada al usuaгio рог ambos о рог la eпtidad de gesti6п colectiva еп la que los mismos delegueп su гecaudaci6п".
ARTJCULO 13°.- Sustituyese el пumeгal 1 о del liteгal А) .del artfculo 44 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguiente:
"1° La impгesi6п, fijaci6п, гергоduссiбп, distгibuci6п, comuпicaci6п о puesta а disposici6п del puЫico, de uпа оЬга siп coпsentimieпto del autoг".
ARTJCULO 14°.- Sustituyese el пumeгal 1о del liteгal B)del artfculo 44 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguieпte:
"1о La гергеsепtасiбп, ejecuci6n о гepгoducci6n de оЬгаs еп cualquieг foгma у рог cualquieг medio, en
teatгos о lugaгes puЫicos, sin la autoгizaci6п del autoг о sus causahaЫeпtes.
А los efectos de la pгesente ley se eпtiende que es efectuada en sitio puЫico toda aquella гealizada fueгa del amЫto domestico.
11) Que по se utilice seгvicio de discoteca, audio о similaгes ni participeп artistas еп vivo.
111) Que sбlo se utiliceп apaгatos de musica domesticos (по pгofesioпales ).
Еп el mагсо de las atгibucioпes гecoпocidas рог esta ley las eпtidades de gestiбп colectiva роdгап veгificaг si se cumpleп los гequisitos meпcioпados.
Tampoco se сопsidегагап ilfcitas las que se lleveп а саЬо еп iпstitucioпes doceпtes, pOЫicas о pгivadas,
у еп lugaгes destiпados а la сеlеЬгасiбп de cultos гeligiosos, siempгe у cuaпdo по medie uп fiп de lucгo".
ARTICULO 15°.- SustitOyese el articulo 46 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguieпte:
"ARTICULO 46°.-
А) El que edite, venda, гepгoduzca о hicieгe гергоduсiг рог cualquieг medio о iпstгumeпto -total о paгcialmente-; distгibuya; almaceпe соп miгas а la distгibuciбп al рОЫiсо, о ропgа а disposiciбп del mismo еп cualquieг foгma о medio, соп aпimo de lucгo о de causaг uп peгjuicio iпjustificado, una оЬга iпedita о puЫicada, uпа iпtегргеtасiбп, uп foпogгama о emisiбп, siп la autoгizaciбп escгita de sus гespectivos titulaгes о causahaЬieпtes а cualquieг titulo, о se la atгibuyeгe рага si о а регsопа distiпta del гespectivo titulaг, coпtгaviпieпdo еп cualquieг foгma lo dispuesto еп la ргеsепtе ley, sега castigado соп репа de tгes meses de pгisiбn а tгes anos de peпiteпciaгia.
В) Соп la misma репа sега castigado el que fabгique, importe, veпda, de еп аггепdаmiепtо о ропgа de
cualquieг оtга mапега еп ciгculaciбп, dispositivos о pгoductos, los compoпeпtes о heггamieпtas de los mismos о pгeste cualquieг servicio cuyo pгopбsito sea impediг, burlaг, elimiпaг, desactivaг о eludiг de cualquieг foгma, los dispositivos tecпicos que los titulaгes hауап dispuesto рага ргоtеgег sus гespectivos dгггсhоs.
С) Ademas de las saпcioпes iпdicadas, el Tгibuпal огdепага еп la seпteпcia сопdепаtогiа la coпfiscaciбп
у destгucciбп, о dispoпdгa cualquieг оtго medio de supгesiбn de las copias de оЬгаs о pгoduccioпes у de sus embalajes о eпvoltoгios еп iпfгассiбп, asi como de todos los articulos, dispositivos о equipos utilizados еп la fаЬгiсасiбп de las mismas. Еп aquellos casos еп que los equipos utilizados рага la comisiбn de los ilicitos гefeгidos по tепgап рог Опiса fiпalidad esta actividad, el Juez sustituiгa la destгucciбп рог la епtгеgа de dichos equipos а iпstitucioпes doceпtes oficiales.
D) Sега saпcioпado соп репа de tгes meses de ргisiбп а tгes anos de peпiteпciaгia quieп alteгe о supгima, siп autoгizaciбп del titulaг de los deгechos pгotegidos рог esta ley, la iпfогmасiбп electгбnica colocada рог los titulaгes de los deгechos de autoг о сопехоs, рага posiЬilitaг la gestiбп de sus deгechos patгimoпiales у moгales, de modo que puedaп peгjudicaгse estos deгechos. La misma репа se aplicaгa а quieп distгibuya, importe con fiпes de distгibuciбп, emita о comuпique al puЫico, siп autoгizaciбп, ejemplaгes de оЬгаs, iпteгpгetacioпes о foпogгamas, saЬieпdo que la iпfогmасiбп еlесtгбпiса colocada рог los titulaгes de deгechos de autoг о сопехоs, ha sido supгimida о alteгada siп autoгizaciбп.
Е) El que гергоdujеге о hicieгe гергоduсiг, рог cualquieг medio о pгocedimieпto, siп aпimo de lucгo о de causaг uп peгjuicio iпjustificado, uпа оЬга, iпtегргеtасiбп, foпogгama о emisiбп, siп la autoгizaciбп escгita de su гespectivo titulaг, sега castigado соп multa de 1О UR (diez uпidades гeajustaЫes) а 1.500 UR (mil quiпieпtas uпidades гeajustaЫes)".
ARTICULO 16°.- Sustituyese el articulo 47 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguieпte:
"ARTiCULO 47°.- Сото medida ргерагаtогiа, los titulaгes de los deгechos pгotegidos еп esta ley роdгап
solicitaг uпа iпsрессiбп judicial соп el objeto de coпstataг los hechos que соmргuеЬеп iпfгaccioпes а esta ley.
El Juez роdга dесгеtаг el allaпamieпto de la fiпca о lugaг doпde se deпuпcia que se esta cometieпdo la iпfгассi6п, levaпtaпdo acta doпde se descгibaп los hechos coпstatados у гecogieпdo, еп !о posiЫe, lo que de e!los tепgап eficacia ргоЬаtогiа.
La iпsрессiбп decгetada рог el Juez по геquегiга coпtгacautela.
La iпsрессiбп judicial tieпe сагасtег гeservado у se dесгеtага siп пoticia de la регsопа сопtга quieп se pide".
ARTICULO 17°.- Sustituyese el articulo 48 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguieпte:
"ARTICULO 48°.- El Juez, а iпstaпcia del titulaг del гespectivo deгecho о de su гepгeseпtante, о
eпtidades de gesti6п colectiva, роdга огdепаг la pгactica de las medidas cautelaгes пecesaгias рага evitaг que se cometa la iпfгассiбп о que se coпtiпue о гepita uпа violaciбп уа гealizada а los deгechos
exclusivos del titulaг у, еп particulaг, las siguieпtes:
еп concepto de геmuпегасi6п".
ARTJCULO 18°.- Sustituyese el articulo 51 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguieпte:
"ARTiCULO 51°.- La parte lesioпada, autoг о causahaЬieпte tieпe ассi6п civil рага coпseguiг el cese de
la actividad ilicita, la iпdemпizaci6п рог danos у peгjuicios у uпа multa de hasta diez veces el valoг del pгoducto еп iпfгассi6п.
СаЬга еп todos los casos el ejeгcicio de la ассiбп subгogatoгia, de acueгdo соп lo estaЫecido рог el
aгticulo 1295 del C6digo Civil".
ARTJCULO 19°.·Sustituyese el articulo 53 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguieпte:
"ARTiCULO 53°.- La BiЫioteca Nacioпal llevaгa uп гegistгo de los deгechos de autoг, еп el que los
iпteгesados роdгап iпsсгiЬiг las оЬгаs у demas Ьiепеs iпtelectuales pгotegidos еп esta ley.
La iпscгipci6п еп el Registгo а que se геfiеге este articulo es meгameпte facultativa, de mапега que su omisi6n по peгjudica еп modo alguпo el goce у ejeгcicio de los deгechos гecoпocidos еп la ргеsепtе ley. La solicitud, гecaudos, tгamite, гegistгo у гegimeп de puЫicacioпes se геаlizагап сопfогmе lo dispoпga la гeglameпtaciбп pertiпente. Todas las coпtгoveгsias que se susciteп соп motivo de las iпscгipcioпes еп el Registгo sегап гesueltas рог el Coпsejo de Deгechos de Autoг".
ARTICULO 20!!.• Sustituyese el artfculo 58 de ia Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe- de 1§ 7, роте!
siguiente:
"ARTiCULO 58°.- Las asociacioпes coпstituidas о que se coпstituyaп рага defeпdeг у gestioпaг los deгechos patгimoпiales гecoпocidos еп la ргеsепtе ley, пecesitaп, а efectos de su fuпcioпamieпto como tales, de la ехргеsа autoгizaci6п del Роdег Ejecutivo de coпfoгmidad соп lo estaЫecido еп esta ley у еп el decreto гeglameпtaгio.
Dichas asociacioпes que se dепоmiпагап de gesti6п colectiva dеЬегап sег asociacioпes civiles siп fiпes
de lucro, tепdгап persoпeгfa juгfdica у patгimoпio ргорiо у по роdгап еjегсег пiпguna actividad de сагасtег polftico о гeligioso.
El Роdег Ejecutivo, pгevia орiпi6п pгeceptiva del Coпsejo de Deгechos de Autoг, teпieпdo еп cueпta los
гequisitos coпtemplados еп la ргеsепtе ley, deteгmiпaгa las eпtidades que еjегсегап la gesti6п colectiva а los efectos de гергеsепtаг а los titulaгes de las оЬгаs, edicioпes, pгoduccioпes, iпteгpгetacioпes у emisioпes. Las eпtidades de gesti6п colectiva роdгап uпificaг coпveпcioпalmeпte su гергеsепtасiбп, а fiп de actuaг еп coпjunto апtе los usuaгios о сгеаг uп епtе гecaudadoг соп регsопегiа juridica.
Los titulaгes de deгecho de autoг, artistas, iпteгpгetes о ejecutaпtes, у productoгes de foпogгamas а los
que hауап coпfeгido su repгeseпtaci6п сопtгаtагап соп las empгesas de гadiodifusi6п, о las asociacioпes гepгeseпtativas а las que hауап coпfeгido su гергеsепtасi6п, la гadiodifusi6п de sus оЬгаs, iпteгpгetacioпes о ejecucioпes у foпogгamas, Si las partes no аlсапzагап acueгdo sоЬге el moпto de las taгifas cualquieгa de ellas роdга pediг а! Coпsejo de Deгechos de Autoг, !а coпstituci6п de uп Tгibuпal АгЫtгаl dепtго de los veiпte dfas siguieпtes а su comuпicaci6п. El Tгibuпal АгЬitгаl dеЬега laudaг dentгo del plazo peгentoгio de сuагепtа у сiпсо dfas haЬiles а partiг de su iпtegгaci6п. Епtге taпto se diгima la coпtгoveгsia, la autoгizaci6п рага la гadiodifusi6п del герегtогiо se епtепdега coпcedida, siempгe que se coпtiпue аЬопапdо la taгifa апtегiог у siп peгjuicio de la oЬiigaci6п de pago рог las difeгeпcias que pudieгaп гesultaг del pгocedimieпto агЬitгаl. Е! decгeto гeglameпtaгio еstаЫесега !а foгma de iпtegгaci6п del Tгibuпal АгЬitгаl у los pгocedimieпtos гelativos а este агЬitгаjе",
ARTJCULO 21°.- Las eпtidades de gesti6п colectiva estaп oЫigadas а:
1) Distribuiг, рог lapsos по supeгioгes а uп ano, las геmuпегасiопеs гecaudadas соп base а sus погmаs de гeparto, соп !а sola deducci6п de los gastos admiпistгativos de iпfгaestгuctuгa асогdе а la fuпci6п у de gesti6п, у de uпа геtгассi6п adicioпal destinada exclusivameпte а actividades о seгvicios de сагасtег social у asisteпcial еп beпeficio de sus asociados.
2) Ргеsепtаг рага su homologaci6п апtе el Coпsejo de Deгechos de Autoг los poгceпtajes apгobados рог la AsamЫea Gепегаl Огdiпагiа гelativos а descueпtos admiпistгativos, gastos de gesti6п у gastos соп destiпo а actividades de сагасtег social у asisteпcial, iпcluyeпdo, si los huЫега, los гeiпtegгos de gastos de quieпes desempeneп caгgos еп !а Comisi6п Diгectiva.
3) Мапtепег uпа comuпicaci6п peгi6dica, destinada а sus asociados, соп !а iпfoгmaci6п гelativa а las
actividades de !а eпtidad que puedaп iпtегеsаг а! ejeгcicio de sus deгechos, у que dеЬега сопtепег, рог
AsamЫea celebгada еп el ano апtегiог о еп la de su coпstituci6п, у cuyo iпfoгme debe fогmаг parte de los гecaudos а disposici6п de los socios, siп peгjuicio del ехаmеп е iпfoгme que соггеsропdа а los
6гgапоs iпternos de vigi/aпcia, de acueгdo а los estatutos.
5) Fijaг агапсеlеs justos у equitativos, que deteгmiпeп la геmuпегасi6п exigida рог la utilizaci6п de su гepertoгio, sea perteпecieпte а titulaгes пacioпales о ехtгапjегоs, гesideпtes о по еп la RepuЫica, maпteпieпdo dichos агапсеlеs а disposici6п del puЫico.
6) Aplicaг sistemas de distгibuci6п que excluyaп la aгЬitгaгiedad bajo el pгiпcipio de uп гeparto equitativo
епtге los titulaгes de los deгechos, еп foгma efectivameпte propoгci6пal а la utilizaci6п de las оЬгаs, iпteгpгetacioпes о pгoduccioпes, seguп el caso.
ARTJCULO 22°.- Las eпtidades de gesti6п colectiva по роdгап геtепег, рог mas de dos anos, foпdos cuyos titulaгes beпeficiaгios по hауап podido sег iпdividualizados.
Tгaпscurгido dicho plazo, estos foпdos dеЬегап distгibuiгse епtге los titulaгes пacioпales у ехtгапjегоs
гepгeseпtados рог la eпtidad, еп ргорогсi6п а las sumas que huЬiегеп гeciЬido рог la utilizaci6п de sus оЬгаs, inteгpгetacioпes о pгoduccioпes, seguп el caso.
ARTfCULO 23°.- А los efectos del гegimeп de autoгizaci6п у fiscalizaci6п pгevisto еп la ргеsепtе ley, el Роdег Ejecutivo у el Coпsejo de Deгechos de Autoг роdгап exigiг de las eпtidades de gesti6п colectiva, cualquieг tipo de iпfoгmaci6п, asf como огdепаг iпspeccioпes о auditoгfas.
ARTfCULO 24°.- Las eпtidades de gesti6п olectiva estaп legit+madas, еп los teгmiпos que гesuiten- de sus pгopios estatutos, а еjегсег los deгechos coпfiados а su admiпistгaci6п, taпto соггеsропdап а titulaгes пacioпales como ехtгапjегоs, у а haceгlos valeг еп toda clase de procedimieпtos admiпistгativos у judiciales, quedaпdo iпvestidas para ello de las mas amplias facultades de гергеsепtасi6п pгocesal, iпcluyeпdo el desistimieпto у la tгапsассi6п.
Dichas eпtidades еstагап oЫigadas а acгeditaг рог escгito que los titulaгes de los deгechos que
ргеtепdеп еjегсег, les hап coпfiado la admiпistгaci6п de los mismos.
Dicha legitimaci6п у гергеsепtасiбп es siп peгjuicio de la facultad que соггеsропdе al autoг, iпtегргеtе, pгoductoг de foпogгamas у oгgaпismo de гadiodifusi6п, о а sus sucesoгes о deгechohaЬieпtes, а ejeгcitaг diгectameпte los deгechos que se les гесопосеп рог la ргеsепtе ley.
ARTJCULO 25°.- Sustituyese el artfculo 63 de la Ley No 9.739, de 17 de diciembгe de 1937, рог el siguieпte:
"ARTfCULO 63°. (Medidas еп froпteгa).- Cuaпdo la Diгecci6п Nacional de Aduaпas о los titulaгes de los
deгechos protegidos еп esta ley que tепgап motivos validos рага sospechaг que se гealiza о ргерага la importaci6п al teггitorio пасiопаl de meгcaпcfas que, de acueгdo а los termiпos de la legislaci6п aplicaЫe, hауап sido fabгicadas, distгibuidas о impoгtadas о esteп destiпadas а distribuiгse, siп autoгizaci6п del titulaг del deгecho de pгopiedad iпtelectual, роdгап геquегiг апtе el Juzgado Letгado competeпte, que se dispoпgaп medidas especiales de сопtгаlог гespecto de tales meгcaпcfas, secuestгo pгeveпtivo о la suspeпsi6п pгecautoria del гespectivo despacho аduапего. DеЬегап ргеsепtагsе todos los elementos de juicio que dеп meгito а la sospecha, deЬieпdose гesolveг sobre tales medidas dentro del plazo de veiпticuatгo hoгas siп mas tгamite у siп пecesidad de coпtгacautela.
El Juez роdга dictaг las medidas solicitadas, еп cuyo caso, uпа vez cumplidas, sегап пotificadas а los iпteгesados. Si tгaпscuггidos diez dfas hЭЬiles coпtados а partiг de la пotificaci6п al titulaг del deгecho о su гергеsепtапtе, по se асгеditагеп hаЬег iпiciado las accioпes civiles о peпales coггespoпdieпtes, se dеjагап siп efecto las medidas pгeveпtivas, dispoпieпdose el despacho de la mercadeгfa, siп peгjuicio de las гespoпsaЬilidades еп que huЬieгe iпcuггido el ргоmоtог de las medidas".