form, have agreed as follows:
literary and artistic works.
relative to geography, topography, architecture or science.
protected as original works without prejudice to the copyright in the original work.
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works1
of September 9, 1886, completed at PARIS on May 4, 1896,
revised at BERLIN on November 13, 1908, completed at BERNE on March 20, 1914,
revised at ROME on June 2, 1928, at BRUSSELS on June 26, 1948,
at STOCKHOLM on July 14, 1967, and at PARIS on July 24, 1971,
and amended on September 28, 1979
TABLE OF CONTENTS'
The countries of the Union, being equally animated by the desire to protect, in as effective and uniform a manner as possible, the rights of authors in their literary and artistic works,
Recognizing the importance of the work of the Revision Conference held at Stockholm in 1967,
Have resolved to revise the Act adopted by the Stockholm Conference, while maintaining without change Articles 1 to 20 and 22 to 26 of that Act.
Consequently, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, having presented their full powers, recognized as in good and due
Article 1 Establishment of a Union
The countries to which this Convention applies constitute a Union for the protection of the rights of authors in their
Article 2 Protected Works:
1. "Literary and artistic works"; 2. Possible requirement affixation; 3. Derivative works; 4. Official texts; 5. Collections; 6. Obligation to protect; beneficiaries ofprotection;
7. Works ofapplied art and industrial designs; 8. News
(1) The expression "literary and artistic works" shall include every production in the literary, scientific and artistic domain, whatever may be the mode or form of its expression, such as books, pamphlets and other writings; lectures, addresses, sermons and other works of the same nature; dramatic or dramatico-musical works; choreographic works and entertainments in dumb show; musical compositions with or without words; cinematographic works to which are assimilated works expressed by a process analogous to cinematography; works of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving and lithography; photographic works to which are assimilated works expressed by a process analogous to photography; works of applied art; illustrations, maps, plans, sketches and three-dimensional works
(2) It shall, however, be a matter for legislation in the countries of the Union to prescribe that works in general or any specified categories ofworks shall not be protected unless they have been fixed in some material form.
(3) Translations, adaptations, arrangements of music and other alterations of a literary or artistic work shall be